Automatically submit LTI grade on each score run

With this commit, we refactor the overall score handling of CodeOcean. Previously, "Score" and "Submit" were two distinct actions, requiring users to confirm the LTI transmission of their score (after assessing their submission). This yielded many questions and was unnecessary, since LTI parameters are no longer expiring after each use. Therefore, we can now transmit the current grade on each score run with the very same LTI parameters. As a consequence, the LTI consumer gets a more detailed history of the scores, enabling further analytical insights.

For users, the previous "Submit" button got replaced with a notification that is shown as soon as the full score got reached. Then, learners can decide to "finalize" their work on the given exercise, which will initiate a redirect to a follow-up action (as defined in the RedirectBehavior). This RedirectBehavior has also been unified and simplified for better readability.

As part of this refactoring, we rephrased the notifications and UX workflow of a) the LTI transmission, b) the finalization of an exercise (measured by reaching the full score) and c) the deadline handling (on time, within grace period, too late). Those information are now separately shown, potentially resulting in multiple notifications. As a side effect, they are much better maintainable, and the LTI transmission is more decoupled from this notification handling.

config/locales/en.yml

@@ -383,12 +383,14 @@ en:
       collapse_output_sidebar: Collapse Output Sidebar
       confirm_start_over: Do you really want to start over? Your previous changes in this exercise will be reset; other exercises remain untouched. You cannot undo this action.
       confirm_start_over_active_file: Do you really want to remove any changes in the active file '%{filename}'? You cannot undo this action.
-      confirm_submit: Do you really want to submit your code for grading?
       create_file: New File
       depleted: All execution environments are busy. Please try again later.
       destroy_file: Delete File
       download: Download
       dummy: No Action
+      exercise_finished: Congratulations! You have completely solved this exercise. <a href="%{url}" class="alert-link">Please click here to finish the exercise now.</a>
+      exercise_finished_redirect_to_rfc: Congratulations! You have completely solved this exercise and submitted the points. Another participant has a question concerning the exercise you just solved. Your help and comments will be greatly appreciated!
+      exercise_finished_redirect_to_own_rfc: Congratulations! You have completely solved this exercise and submitted the points. Your question concerning the exercise is solved? If so, please share the essential insight with your fellows and mark the question as solved, before you close this window!
       expand_action_sidebar: Expand Action Sidebar
       expand_output_sidebar: Expand Output Sidebar
       input: Your input
@@ -410,11 +412,10 @@ en:
       start_over_active_file: Reset this file
       start_video: Start (video) chat
       stop: Stop
-      submit: Submit Code For Assessment
+      submit_failure_all: An error occurred while transmitting your score. Please try again later.
+      submit_failure_other_users: "The transmission of points was only partially successful. The score was not transmitted for %{user}. The user(s) should reopen the exercise via the e-learning platform and then try to submit the points themselves."
+      submit_too_late: Your submission was saved successfully but was received after the deadline, so that only %{score_sent} points were transmitted.
       deadline: Deadline
-      submit_on_time: Submit Code for Assessment on Time
-      submit_within_grace_period: Submit Code for Assessment Within Grace Period
-      submit_after_late_deadline: Submit Code for Assessment After Deadline Passed
       test: Test
       timeout: 'Execution stopped. Your code exceeded the permitted execution time of %{permitted_execution_time} seconds.'
       out_of_memory: 'Execution stopped. Your code exceeded the permitted RAM usage of %{memory_limit} MB.'
@@ -424,8 +425,8 @@ en:
         exercise_deadline_passed: 'Either the deadline has already passed or you did not directly access this page from the e-learning platform. (Did you use the Back button of your browser after submitting the score?)'
       request_for_comments_sent: "Request for comments sent."
       hints:
-        submission_deadline: This exercise is due <b>%{deadline}</b>.<br/><small>Click 'submit' to transfer your score to the e-learning platform before this deadline passes. %{otherwise}</small>
-        late_submission_deadline: Until <b>%{deadline}</b>, 80% of your score will be awarded.<br/><small>If you miss this extended deadline and submit your score afterwards, 0 points will be transmitted.</small>
+        submission_deadline: This exercise is due <b>%{deadline}</b>.<br/><small>Please finish the exercise before this deadline passes. %{otherwise}</small>
+        late_submission_deadline: Until <b>%{deadline}</b>, 80% of your score will be awarded.<br/><small>If you miss this extended deadline and score your code afterwards, 0 points will be transmitted.</small>
         otherwise: Otherwise, a score of 0 points will be transmitted.
         disclaimer: If unsure about a deadline, please contact a course instructor. The deadline shown here is only informational and information from the e-learning platform should always take precedence.
     editor_file_tree:
@@ -478,7 +479,7 @@ en:
       default_test_feedback: Well done. All tests have been passed.
       default_linter_feedback: Well done. The linter is completly satisfied.
       error_messages: Error Messages
-      existing_programming_group: You are currently working on the exercise entitled '%{exercise}' as part of a programming group. Please finish your work there by scoring and submitting your code before you start implementing this exercise.
+      existing_programming_group: You are currently working on the exercise entitled '%{exercise}' as part of a programming group. Please finish your work there before you start implementing this exercise.
       external_privacy_policy: privacy policy
       messages: Messages
       feedback: Feedback
@@ -560,12 +561,6 @@ en:
       external_users: External Users
       programming_groups: Programming Groups
       finishing_rate: Finishing Rate
-    submit:
-      failure: An error occurred while transmitting your score. Please try again later.
-      too_late: Your submission was saved successfully but was received after the deadline passed.
-      full_score_redirect_to_rfc: Congratulations! You achieved and submitted the highest possible score for this exercise. Another participant has a question concerning the exercise you just solved. Your help and comments will be greatly appreciated!
-      full_score_redirect_to_own_rfc: Congratulations! You achieved and submitted the highest possible score for this exercise. Your question concerning the exercise is solved? If so, please share the essential insight with your fellows and mark the question as solved, before you close this window!
-      warning_not_for_all_users_submitted: "The transmission of points was only partially successful. The score was not transmitted for %{user}. The user(s) should reopen the exercise via the e-learning platform and then try to submit the points themselves."
     study_group_dashboard:
       live_dashboard: Live Dashboard
       time_spent_per_learner: Time spent per Learner
@@ -876,7 +871,7 @@ en:
       failure: Invalid email or password.
       success: Successfully signed in.
     create_through_lti:
-      session_with_outcome: 'Please click "Submit Code for Assessment" after scoring to send your score to %{consumer}.'
+      session_with_outcome: 'By clicking on "Score", your points will be added automatically to your progress.'
       session_without_outcome: 'This is a practice session. Your grade will not be transmitted to %{consumer}.'
     destroy:
       link: Sign out