Fix rubocop offenses - Requires Ruby 3.1+

app/controllers/application_controller.rb

@@ -115,16 +115,16 @@ class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
           redirect_back fallback_location: :root, allow_other_host: false, alert: message
         end
       end
-      format.json { render json: {error: message}, status: status }
+      format.json { render json: {error: message}, status: }
     end
   end
   private :render_error
 
-  def switch_locale(&action)
+  def switch_locale(&)
     session[:locale] = sanitize_locale(params[:custom_locale] || params[:locale] || session[:locale])
     locale = session[:locale] || I18n.default_locale
-    Sentry.set_extras(locale: locale)
-    I18n.with_locale(locale, &action)
+    Sentry.set_extras(locale:)
+    I18n.with_locale(locale, &)
   end
   private :switch_locale
 

app/controllers/code_ocean/files_controller.rb

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ module CodeOcean
           yield if block_given?
           path = options[:path].try(:call) || @object
           respond_with_valid_object(format, notice: t('shared.object_created', model: @object.class.model_name.human),
-            path: path, status: :created)
+            path:, status: :created)
         else
           filename = "#{@object.path || ''}/#{@object.name || ''}#{@object.file_type.try(:file_extension) || ''}"
           format.html do

app/controllers/concerns/common_behavior.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ module CommonBehavior
           notice = result if result.present?
         end
         path = options[:path].try(:call) || @object
-        respond_with_valid_object(format, notice: notice, path: path, status: :created)
+        respond_with_valid_object(format, notice:, path:, status: :created)
       else
         respond_with_invalid_object(format, template: :new)
       end
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ module CommonBehavior
           notice = result if result.present?
         end
         path = options[:path] || @object
-        respond_with_valid_object(format, notice: notice, path: path, status: :ok)
+        respond_with_valid_object(format, notice:, path:, status: :ok)
       else
         respond_with_invalid_object(format, template: :edit)
       end

app/controllers/concerns/file_conversion.rb

@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ module FileConversion
       path = File.dirname(file['name']).sub(%r{^(?>\./|\.)}, '').presence
       file_type = all_file_types.detect {|ft| ft.file_extension == extension } || FileType.new(file_extension: extension)
       CodeOcean::File.new(
-        name: name,
-        path: path,
+        name:,
+        path:,
         size: file['size'],
         owner: file['owner'],
         group: file['group'],
         permissions: file['permissions'],
         updated_at: file['modificationTime'],
-        file_type: file_type
+        file_type:
       )
     end
     [augment_files_for_download(files), directories]

app/controllers/concerns/redirect_behavior.rb

@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ module RedirectBehavior
       session: session.to_hash,
       submission: @submission.inspect,
       params: params.as_json,
-      current_user: current_user,
+      current_user:,
       lti_exercise_id: session[:lti_exercise_id],
       lti_parameters_id: session[:lti_parameters_id]
     )

app/controllers/execution_environments_controller.rb

@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ class ExecutionEnvironmentsController < ApplicationController
     end
 
     render locals: {
-      working_time_statistics: working_time_statistics,
-      user_statistics: user_statistics,
+      working_time_statistics:,
+      user_statistics:,
     }
   end
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ class ExecutionEnvironmentsController < ApplicationController
       params[:execution_environment]
         .permit(:docker_image, :editor_mode, :file_extension, :file_type_id, :help, :indent_size, :memory_limit, :cpu_limit, :name,
           :network_enabled, :privileged_execution, :permitted_execution_time, :pool_size, :run_command, :test_command, :testing_framework)
-        .merge(user_id: current_user.id, user_type: current_user.class.name, exposed_ports: exposed_ports)
+        .merge(user_id: current_user.id, user_type: current_user.class.name, exposed_ports:)
     end
   end
   private :execution_environment_params

app/controllers/exercises_controller.rb

@@ -128,15 +128,15 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
         status: 'success',
         message: t('exercises.export_codeharbor.successfully_exported', id: @exercise.id, title: @exercise.title),
         actions: render_to_string(partial: 'export_actions',
-          locals: {exercise: @exercise, exported: true, error: error}),
+          locals: {exercise: @exercise, exported: true, error:}),
       }
       @exercise.save
     else
       render json: {
         status: 'fail',
-        message: t('exercises.export_codeharbor.export_failed', id: @exercise.id, title: @exercise.title, error: error),
+        message: t('exercises.export_codeharbor.export_failed', id: @exercise.id, title: @exercise.title, error:),
         actions: render_to_string(partial: 'export_actions',
-          locals: {exercise: @exercise, exported: true, error: error}),
+          locals: {exercise: @exercise, exported: true, error:}),
       }
     end
   end
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
     return render json: {}, status: :unauthorized if user.nil?
 
     uuid = params[:uuid]
-    exercise = Exercise.find_by(uuid: uuid)
+    exercise = Exercise.find_by(uuid:)
 
     return render json: {uuid_found: false} if exercise.nil?
     return render json: {uuid_found: true, update_right: false} unless ExercisePolicy.new(user, exercise).update?
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
     return render json: {}, status: :unauthorized if user.nil?
 
     ActiveRecord::Base.transaction do
-      exercise = ::ProformaService::Import.call(zip: tempfile, user: user)
+      exercise = ::ProformaService::Import.call(zip: tempfile, user:)
       exercise.save!
       render json: {}, status: :created
     end
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
   private :user_from_api_key
 
   def user_by_codeharbor_token(api_key)
-    link = CodeharborLink.find_by(api_key: api_key)
+    link = CodeharborLink.find_by(api_key:)
     link&.user
   end
 
@@ -394,8 +394,8 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
   def working_times
     working_time_accumulated = @exercise.accumulated_working_time_for_only(current_user)
     working_time_75_percentile = @exercise.get_quantiles([0.75]).first
-    render(json: {working_time_75_percentile: working_time_75_percentile,
-                   working_time_accumulated: working_time_accumulated})
+    render(json: {working_time_75_percentile:,
+                   working_time_accumulated:})
   end
 
   def intervention
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
       render(json: {success: 'false', error: "undefined intervention #{params[:intervention_type]}"})
     else
       uei = UserExerciseIntervention.new(
-        user: current_user, exercise: @exercise, intervention: intervention,
+        user: current_user, exercise: @exercise, intervention:,
         accumulated_worktime_s: @exercise.accumulated_working_time_for_only(current_user)
       )
       uei.save
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
     checked_tags = checked_exercise_tags.collect(&:tag).to_set
     unchecked_tags = Tag.all.to_set.subtract checked_tags
     @exercise_tags = checked_exercise_tags + unchecked_tags.collect do |tag|
-      ExerciseTag.new(exercise: @exercise, tag: tag)
+      ExerciseTag.new(exercise: @exercise, tag:)
     end
   end
 
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ class ExercisesController < ApplicationController
     end
 
     render locals: {
-      user_statistics: user_statistics,
+      user_statistics:,
     }
   end
 

app/controllers/external_users_controller.rb

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class ExternalUsersController < ApplicationController
     end
 
     render locals: {
-      statistics: statistics,
+      statistics:,
     }
   end
 

app/controllers/file_types_controller.rb

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class FileTypesController < ApplicationController
   end
 
   def set_editor_modes
-    @editor_modes = Dir.glob('vendor/assets/javascripts/ace/mode-*.js').sort.map do |filename|
+    @editor_modes = Dir.glob('vendor/assets/javascripts/ace/mode-*.js').map do |filename|
       name = filename.gsub(%r{\w+/|mode-|.js$}, '')
       [name, "ace/mode/#{name}"]
     end

app/controllers/flowr_controller.rb

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class FlowrController < ApplicationController
       # once the programming language model becomes available, the language name can be added to the query to
       # produce more relevant results
       query = attributes.map(&:value).join(' ')
-      {submission: submission, error: error, attributes: attributes, query: query}
+      {submission:, error:, attributes:, query:}
     end
 
     # Always return JSON

app/controllers/internal_users_controller.rb

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ class InternalUsersController < ApplicationController
     checked_study_groups = checked_study_group_memberships.collect(&:study_group).sort.to_set
     unchecked_study_groups = StudyGroup.all.order(name: :asc).to_set.subtract checked_study_groups
     @study_group_memberships = checked_study_group_memberships + unchecked_study_groups.collect do |study_group|
-      StudyGroupMembership.new(user: @user, study_group: study_group)
+      StudyGroupMembership.new(user: @user, study_group:)
     end
   end
 

app/controllers/live_streams_controller.rb

@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@ class LiveStreamsController < ApplicationController
     runner = Runner.for(current_user, @execution_environment)
     fallback_location = shell_execution_environment_path(@execution_environment)
     privileged = params[:sudo] || @execution_environment.privileged_execution?
-    send_runner_file(runner, desired_file, fallback_location, privileged: privileged)
+    send_runner_file(runner, desired_file, fallback_location, privileged:)
   end
 
   private
 
   def send_runner_file(runner, desired_file, redirect_fallback = root_path, privileged: false)
     filename = File.basename(desired_file)
-    send_stream(filename: filename, type: 'application/octet-stream', disposition: 'attachment') do |stream|
+    send_stream(filename:, type: 'application/octet-stream', disposition: 'attachment') do |stream|
       runner.download_file desired_file, privileged_execution: privileged do |chunk, overall_size, _content_type|
         unless response.committed?
           # Disable Rack::ETag, which would otherwise cause the response to be cached

app/controllers/remote_evaluation_controller.rb

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class RemoteEvaluationController < ApplicationController
              else
                201
              end
-    render json: result, status: status
+    render json: result, status:
   end
 
   # POST /submit
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class RemoteEvaluationController < ApplicationController
       status = result[:status]
     end
 
-    render json: result, status: status
+    render json: result, status:
   end
 
   def try_lti
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class RemoteEvaluationController < ApplicationController
 
   def create_and_score_submission(cause)
     validation_token = remote_evaluation_params[:validation_token]
-    if (remote_evaluation_mapping = RemoteEvaluationMapping.find_by(validation_token: validation_token))
+    if (remote_evaluation_mapping = RemoteEvaluationMapping.find_by(validation_token:))
       @submission = Submission.create(build_submission_params(cause, remote_evaluation_mapping))
       @submission.calculate_score
     else

app/controllers/submissions_controller.rb

@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ class SubmissionsController < ApplicationController
             end
           else
             Rails.logger.info("Unknown command from client: #{event[:cmd]}")
-            Sentry.set_extras(event: event)
+            Sentry.set_extras(event:)
             Sentry.capture_message("Unknown command from client: #{event[:cmd]}")
         end
       rescue JSON::ParserError => e
@@ -183,19 +183,19 @@ class SubmissionsController < ApplicationController
         exit_statement =
           if @testrun[:output].empty? && exit_code.zero?
             @testrun[:status] = :ok
-            t('exercises.implement.no_output_exit_successful', timestamp: l(Time.zone.now, format: :short), exit_code: exit_code)
+            t('exercises.implement.no_output_exit_successful', timestamp: l(Time.zone.now, format: :short), exit_code:)
           elsif @testrun[:output].empty?
             @testrun[:status] = :failed
-            t('exercises.implement.no_output_exit_failure', timestamp: l(Time.zone.now, format: :short), exit_code: exit_code)
+            t('exercises.implement.no_output_exit_failure', timestamp: l(Time.zone.now, format: :short), exit_code:)
           elsif exit_code.zero?
             @testrun[:status] = :ok
-            "\n#{t('exercises.implement.exit_successful', timestamp: l(Time.zone.now, format: :short), exit_code: exit_code)}"
+            "\n#{t('exercises.implement.exit_successful', timestamp: l(Time.zone.now, format: :short), exit_code:)}"
           else
             @testrun[:status] = :failed
-            "\n#{t('exercises.implement.exit_failure', timestamp: l(Time.zone.now, format: :short), exit_code: exit_code)}"
+            "\n#{t('exercises.implement.exit_failure', timestamp: l(Time.zone.now, format: :short), exit_code:)}"
           end
         stream = @testrun[:status] == :ok ? :stdout : :stderr
-        send_and_store client_socket, {cmd: :write, stream: stream, data: "#{exit_statement}\n"}
+        send_and_store client_socket, {cmd: :write, stream:, data: "#{exit_statement}\n"}
         if exit_code == 137
           send_and_store client_socket, {cmd: :status, status: :out_of_memory}
           @testrun[:status] = :out_of_memory
@@ -307,8 +307,8 @@ class SubmissionsController < ApplicationController
     exercise_id = @submission.exercise_id
 
     remote_evaluation_mapping = RemoteEvaluationMapping.create(
-      user: user,
-      exercise_id: exercise_id,
+      user:,
+      exercise_id:,
       study_group_id: session[:study_group_id]
     )
 
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ class SubmissionsController < ApplicationController
     testrun = Testrun.create!(
       file: @file,
       passed: @testrun[:passed],
-      cause: cause,
+      cause:,
       submission: @submission,
       exit_code: @testrun[:exit_code], # might be nil, e.g., when the run did not finish
       status: @testrun[:status] || :failed,
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ class SubmissionsController < ApplicationController
       waiting_for_container_time: @testrun[:waiting_for_container_time]
     )
     TestrunMessage.create_for(testrun, @testrun[:messages])
-    TestrunExecutionEnvironment.create(testrun: testrun, execution_environment: @submission.used_execution_environment)
+    TestrunExecutionEnvironment.create(testrun:, execution_environment: @submission.used_execution_environment)
   end
 
   def send_hints(tubesock, errors)
@@ -430,10 +430,10 @@ class SubmissionsController < ApplicationController
       parsed[:stream] = parsed[:stream].to_sym if parsed.key? :stream
       parsed
     else
-      {cmd: :write, stream: stream, data: data}
+      {cmd: :write, stream:, data:}
     end
   rescue JSON::ParserError
-    {cmd: :write, stream: stream, data: data}
+    {cmd: :write, stream:, data:}
   end
 
   def augment_files_for_download(files)

app/controllers/subscriptions_controller.rb

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class SubscriptionsController < ApplicationController
     study_group_id = current_user.try(:current_study_group_id)
     if params[:subscription].present?
       params[:subscription].permit(:request_for_comment_id, :subscription_type).merge(user_id: current_user_id,
-        user_type: current_user_class_name, study_group_id: study_group_id, deleted: false)
+        user_type: current_user_class_name, study_group_id:, deleted: false)
     end
   end
   private :subscription_params

app/controllers/user_exercise_feedbacks_controller.rb

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ class UserExerciseFeedbacksController < ApplicationController
         else
           implement_exercise_path(@exercise)
         end
-      update_and_respond(object: @uef, params: uef_params, path: path)
+      update_and_respond(object: @uef, params: uef_params, path:)
     else
       flash.now[:danger] = t('shared.message_failure')
       redirect_back fallback_location: user_exercise_feedback_path(@uef)
@@ -126,15 +126,15 @@ class UserExerciseFeedbacksController < ApplicationController
     user_id = current_user.id
     user_type = current_user.class.name
     latest_submission = Submission
-      .where(user_id: user_id, user_type: user_type, exercise_id: exercise_id)
+      .where(user_id:, user_type:, exercise_id:)
       .order(created_at: :desc).final.first
 
     authorize(latest_submission, :show?)
 
     params[:user_exercise_feedback]
       .permit(:feedback_text, :difficulty, :exercise_id, :user_estimated_worktime)
-      .merge(user_id: user_id,
-        user_type: user_type,
+      .merge(user_id:,
+        user_type:,
         submission: latest_submission,
         normalized_score: latest_submission&.normalized_score)
   end

app/helpers/action_cable_helper.rb

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ module ActionCableHelper
         ActionCable.server.broadcast(
           "la_exercises_#{exercise_id}_channel_study_group_#{submission.study_group_id}",
           type: :rfc,
-          id: id,
+          id:,
           html: ApplicationController.render(partial: 'request_for_comments/list_entry',
             locals: {request_for_comment: self})
         )

app/helpers/application_helper.rb

@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ module ApplicationHelper
     ActionController::Base.helpers.sanitize Kramdown::Document.new(markdown).to_html
   end
 
-  def row(options = {}, &block)
+  def row(options = {}, &)
     tag.div(class: 'attribute-row row') do
-      label_column(options[:label]) + value_column(options[:value], &block)
+      label_column(options[:label]) + value_column(options[:value], &)
     end
   end
 

app/helpers/authenticated_url_helper.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ module AuthenticatedUrlHelper
     COOKIE_EXPIRATION = 30.seconds
 
     def sign(url, object)
-      payload = {object_id: object.id, object_type: object.class.name, url: url, exp: TOKEN_EXPIRATION.from_now.to_i}
+      payload = {object_id: object.id, object_type: object.class.name, url:, exp: TOKEN_EXPIRATION.from_now.to_i}
       token = JWT.encode payload, TOKEN_SECRET, TOKEN_ALGORITHM
 
       add_query_parameters(url, {TOKEN_PARAM => token})
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ module AuthenticatedUrlHelper
 
     def prepare_short_living_cookie(value)
       {
-        value: value,
+        value:,
         expires: COOKIE_EXPIRATION.from_now,
         httponly: true,
         same_site: :strict,

app/models/authentication_token.rb

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ class AuthenticationToken < ApplicationRecord
   def self.generate!(user, study_group)
     create!(
       shared_secret: SecureRandom.hex(32),
-      user: user,
+      user:,
       expire_at: 7.days.from_now,
-      study_group: study_group
+      study_group:
     )
   end
 end

app/models/code_ocean/file.rb

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ module CodeOcean
     scope :visible, -> { where(hidden: false) }
 
     ROLES.each do |role|
-      scope :"#{role}s", -> { where(role: role) }
+      scope :"#{role}s", -> { where(role:) }
     end
     scope :teacher_defined_assessments, -> { where(role: %w[teacher_defined_test teacher_defined_linter]) }
 

app/models/execution_environment.rb

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class ExecutionEnvironment < ApplicationRecord
 
   def to_json(*_args)
     {
-      id: id,
+      id:,
       image: docker_image,
       prewarmingPoolSize: pool_size,
       cpuLimit: cpu_limit,

app/models/exercise.rb

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class Exercise < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def time_maximum_score(user)
-    submissions.where(user: user).where("cause IN ('submit','assess')").where.not(score: nil).order('score DESC, created_at ASC').first.created_at
+    submissions.where(user:).where("cause IN ('submit','assess')").where.not(score: nil).order('score DESC, created_at ASC').first.created_at
   rescue StandardError
     Time.zone.at(0)
   end
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ class Exercise < ApplicationRecord
       end
     end
 
-    {user_progress: user_progress, additional_user_data: additional_user_data}
+    {user_progress:, additional_user_data:}
   end
 
   def get_quantiles(quantiles)
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ class Exercise < ApplicationRecord
     description = task_node.xpath('p:description/text()')[0].content
     self.attributes = {
       title: task_node.xpath('p:meta-data/p:title/text()')[0].content,
-      description: description,
+      description:,
       instructions: description,
     }
     task_node.xpath('p:files/p:file').all? do |file|
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ class Exercise < ApplicationRecord
         content: file.xpath('text()').first.content,
         read_only: false,
         hidden: file_class == 'internal',
-        role: role,
+        role:,
         feedback_message: role == 'teacher_defined_test' ? feedback_message_nodes.first.content : nil,
         file_type: FileType.find_by(
           file_extension: ".#{file_name_split.second}"
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ class Exercise < ApplicationRecord
     if user
       # FIXME: where(user: user) will not work here!
       begin
-        submissions.where(user: user).where("cause IN ('submit','assess')").where.not(score: nil).order('score DESC').first.score || 0
+        submissions.where(user:).where("cause IN ('submit','assess')").where.not(score: nil).order('score DESC').first.score || 0
       rescue StandardError
         0
       end

app/models/exercise_tip.rb

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class ExerciseTip < ApplicationRecord
   def tip_chain?
     # Ensure each referenced parent exercise tip is set for this exercise
     unless ExerciseTip.exists?(
-      exercise: exercise, id: parent_exercise_tip
+      exercise:, id: parent_exercise_tip
     )
       errors.add :parent_exercise_tip,
         I18n.t('activerecord.errors.messages.together',

app/models/intervention.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class Intervention < ApplicationRecord
 
   def self.create_default_interventions
     %w[BreakIntervention QuestionIntervention].each do |name|
-      Intervention.find_or_create_by(name: name)
+      Intervention.find_or_create_by(name:)
     end
   end
 end

app/models/linter_check_run.rb

@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ class LinterCheckRun < ApplicationRecord
         result: linter_result[:result],
         line: linter_result[:line],
         scope: linter_result[:scope],
-        testrun: testrun,
-        file: file
+        testrun:,
+        file:
       )
     rescue ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid
       # Something bad happened. Probably, the RegEx in lib/py_lint_adapter.rb didn't work.
-      Sentry.set_extras(testrun: testrun.inspect, linter_result: linter_result)
+      Sentry.set_extras(testrun: testrun.inspect, linter_result:)
     end
   end
 end

app/models/proxy_exercise.rb

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class ProxyExercise < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def get_matching_exercise(user)
-    assigned_user_proxy_exercise = user_proxy_exercise_exercises.find_by(user: user)
+    assigned_user_proxy_exercise = user_proxy_exercise_exercises.find_by(user:)
     if assigned_user_proxy_exercise
       Rails.logger.debug { "retrieved assigned exercise for user #{user.id}: Exercise #{assigned_user_proxy_exercise.exercise}" }
       assigned_user_proxy_exercise.exercise
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class ProxyExercise < ApplicationRecord
           @reason[:error] = "#{$ERROR_INFO}:\n\t#{e.backtrace.join("\n\t")}"
           exercises.where('expected_difficulty > 1').sample # difficulty should be > 1 to prevent dummy exercise from being chosen.
         end
-      user.user_proxy_exercise_exercises << UserProxyExerciseExercise.create(user: user,
+      user.user_proxy_exercise_exercises << UserProxyExerciseExercise.create(user:,
         exercise: matching_exercise, proxy_exercise: self, reason: @reason.to_json)
       matching_exercise
     end
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ class ProxyExercise < ApplicationRecord
       relative_knowledge_improvement[potex] = 0.0
       Rails.logger.debug { "review potential exercise #{potex.id}" }
       tags.each do |tag|
-        tag_ratio = potex.exercise_tags.find_by(tag: tag).factor.to_f / potex.exercise_tags.inject(0) do |sum, et|
+        tag_ratio = potex.exercise_tags.find_by(tag:).factor.to_f / potex.exercise_tags.inject(0) do |sum, et|
                                                                       sum + et.factor
                                                                     end
         max_topic_knowledge_ratio = potex.expected_difficulty * tag_ratio

app/models/runner.rb

@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ class Runner < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def self.for(user, execution_environment)
-    runner = find_by(user: user, execution_environment: execution_environment)
+    runner = find_by(user:, execution_environment:)
     if runner.nil?
-      runner = Runner.create(user: user, execution_environment: execution_environment)
+      runner = Runner.create(user:, execution_environment:)
       # The `strategy` is added through the before_validation hook `:request_id`.
       raise Runner::Error::Unknown.new("Runner could not be saved: #{runner.errors.inspect}") unless runner.persisted?
     else
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ class Runner < ApplicationRecord
     @strategy.copy_files(files)
   end
 
-  def download_file(path, **options, &block)
-    @strategy.download_file(path, **options, &block)
+  def download_file(path, **options, &)
+    @strategy.download_file(path, **options, &)
   end
 
   def retrieve_files(raise_exception: true, **options)
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ class Runner < ApplicationRecord
       # initializing its Runner::Connection with the given event loop. The Runner::Connection class ensures that
       # this event loop is stopped after the socket was closed.
       event_loop = Runner::EventLoop.new
-      socket = @strategy.attach_to_execution(command, event_loop, starting_time, privileged_execution: privileged_execution, &block)
+      socket = @strategy.attach_to_execution(command, event_loop, starting_time, privileged_execution:, &block)
       event_loop.wait
       raise socket.error if socket.error.present?
     rescue Runner::Error => e
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ class Runner < ApplicationRecord
         save
       end
 
-      execution_time = attach_to_execution(command, privileged_execution: privileged_execution) do |socket, starting_time|
+      execution_time = attach_to_execution(command, privileged_execution:) do |socket, starting_time|
         socket.on :stderr do |data|
           output[:stderr] << data
           output[:messages].push({cmd: :write, stream: :stderr, log: data, timestamp: Time.zone.now - starting_time})

app/models/structured_error.rb

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ class StructuredError < ApplicationRecord
   has_many :structured_error_attributes
 
   def self.create_from_template(template, message_buffer, submission)
-    instance = create(error_template: template, submission: submission)
+    instance = create(error_template: template, submission:)
     template.error_template_attributes.each do |attribute|
       StructuredErrorAttribute.create_from_template(attribute, instance, message_buffer)
     end

app/models/structured_error_attribute.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class StructuredErrorAttribute < ApplicationRecord
     if !result.nil? && result.captures.size.positive?
       value = result.captures[0]
     end
-    create(structured_error: structured_error, error_template_attribute: attribute, value: value,
+    create(structured_error:, error_template_attribute: attribute, value:,
       match: !result.nil?)
   end
 end

app/models/submission.rb

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class Submission < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def siblings
-    user.submissions.where(exercise_id: exercise_id)
+    user.submissions.where(exercise_id:)
   end
 
   def to_s
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class Submission < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def own_unsolved_rfc
-    RequestForComment.unsolved.find_by(exercise_id: exercise, user_id: user_id)
+    RequestForComment.unsolved.find_by(exercise_id: exercise, user_id:)
   end
 
   def unsolved_rfc
@@ -162,11 +162,11 @@ class Submission < ApplicationRecord
 
   # @raise [Runner::Error] if the code could not be run due to a failure with the runner.
   #                        See the specific type and message for more details.
-  def run(file, &block)
+  def run(file, &)
     run_command = command_for execution_environment.run_command, file.filepath
     durations = {}
     prepared_runner do |runner, waiting_duration|
-      durations[:execution_duration] = runner.attach_to_execution(run_command, &block)
+      durations[:execution_duration] = runner.attach_to_execution(run_command, &)
       durations[:waiting_duration] = waiting_duration
     rescue Runner::Error => e
       e.waiting_duration = waiting_duration
@@ -237,13 +237,13 @@ class Submission < ApplicationRecord
   def command_substitutions(filename)
     {
       class_name: File.basename(filename, File.extname(filename)).upcase_first,
-      filename: filename,
+      filename:,
       module_name: File.basename(filename, File.extname(filename)).underscore,
     }
   end
 
   def score_file(output, file)
-    assessor = Assessor.new(execution_environment: execution_environment)
+    assessor = Assessor.new(execution_environment:)
     assessment = assessor.assess(output)
     passed = ((assessment[:passed] == assessment[:count]) and (assessment[:score]).positive?)
     testrun_output = passed ? nil : "status: #{output[:status]}\n stdout: #{output[:stdout]}\n stderr: #{output[:stderr]}"
@@ -256,8 +256,8 @@ class Submission < ApplicationRecord
     testrun = Testrun.create(
       submission: self,
       cause: 'assess', # Required to differ run and assess for RfC show
-      file: file, # Test file that was executed
-      passed: passed,
+      file:, # Test file that was executed
+      passed:,
       exit_code: output[:exit_code],
       status: output[:status],
       output: testrun_output.presence,
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ class Submission < ApplicationRecord
       waiting_for_container_time: output[:waiting_for_container_time]
     )
     TestrunMessage.create_for(testrun, output[:messages])
-    TestrunExecutionEnvironment.create(testrun: testrun, execution_environment: @used_execution_environment)
+    TestrunExecutionEnvironment.create(testrun:, execution_environment: @used_execution_environment)
 
     filename = file.filepath
 
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ class Submission < ApplicationRecord
     end
 
     output.merge!(assessment)
-    output.merge!(filename: filename, message: feedback_message(file, output), weight: file.weight)
+    output.merge!(filename:, message: feedback_message(file, output), weight: file.weight)
     output.except!(:messages)
   end
 
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ class Submission < ApplicationRecord
     update(score: score.to_d)
     if normalized_score.to_d == BigDecimal('1.0')
       Thread.new do
-        RequestForComment.where(exercise_id: exercise_id, user_id: user_id, user_type: user_type).find_each do |rfc|
+        RequestForComment.where(exercise_id:, user_id:, user_type:).find_each do |rfc|
           rfc.full_score_reached = true
           rfc.save
         end

app/models/user.rb

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class User < ApplicationRecord
 
   def to_sentry_context
     {
-      id: id,
+      id:,
       type: self.class.name,
       username: displayname,
       consumer: consumer.name,

app/models/user_exercise_feedback.rb

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class UserExerciseFeedback < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def anomaly_notification
-    AnomalyNotification.where({exercise_id: exercise.id, user_id: user_id, user_type: user_type})
+    AnomalyNotification.where({exercise_id: exercise.id, user_id:, user_type:})
       .where('created_at < ?', created_at).order('created_at DESC').to_a.first
   end
 end

app/services/proforma_service/convert_exercise_to_task.rb

@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ module ProformaService
           title: @exercise.title,
           description: @exercise.description,
           internal_description: nil,
-          proglang: proglang,
+          proglang:,
           files: task_files,
-          tests: tests,
-          uuid: uuid,
+          tests:,
+          uuid:,
           language: DEFAULT_LANGUAGE,
-          model_solutions: model_solutions,
+          model_solutions:,
           meta_data: {
             CodeOcean: {
               public: @exercise.public,

app/services/proforma_service/convert_task_to_exercise.rb

@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ module ProformaService
         allow_file_creation: string_to_bool(@task.meta_data[:CodeOcean]&.dig(:allow_file_creation)) || false,
         allow_auto_completion: string_to_bool(@task.meta_data[:CodeOcean]&.dig(:allow_auto_completion)) || false,
         expected_difficulty: @task.meta_data[:CodeOcean]&.dig(:expected_difficulty) || 1,
-        execution_environment_id: execution_environment_id,
+        execution_environment_id:,
 
-        files: files
+        files:
       )
     end
 

app/services/proforma_service/import.rb

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ module ProformaService
         exercise = base_exercise
         exercise_files = exercise&.files&.to_a
 
-        exercise = ConvertTaskToExercise.call(task: @task, user: @user, exercise: exercise)
+        exercise = ConvertTaskToExercise.call(task: @task, user: @user, exercise:)
         exercise_files&.each(&:destroy) # feels suboptimal
 
         exercise

app/views/submissions/show.json.jbuilder

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ json.download_file_url download_file_submission_path(@submission, 'a.', format:
 unless @embed_options[:disable_download]
   json.render_url @submission.collect_files.select(&:visible) do |files|
     host = ApplicationController::RENDER_HOST || request.host
-    url = render_submission_url(@submission, files.filepath, host: host)
+    url = render_submission_url(@submission, files.filepath, host:)
 
     json.filepath files.filepath
     json.url AuthenticatedUrlHelper.sign(url, @submission)

config/routes.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-FILENAME_REGEXP = /.+/.freeze unless Kernel.const_defined?(:FILENAME_REGEXP)
+FILENAME_REGEXP = /.+/ unless Kernel.const_defined?(:FILENAME_REGEXP)
 
 Rails.application.routes.draw do
   resources :community_solutions, only: %i[index edit update]

db/migrate/20220415215112_migrate_testruns.rb

@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ class MigrateTestruns < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]
     # Using the string keys by design. Otherwise, we would need to call #symbolize_keys!
 
     message = {
-      testrun: testrun,
+      testrun:,
       cmd: json['cmd'],
       # We cannot infer any timestamp and thus use arbitrary, distinct millisecond values (1s = 1000ms)
       timestamp: ActiveSupport::Duration.build(order / 1000.0),

db/migrate/20220906142550_migrate_permissions_to_study_group.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class MigratePermissionsToStudyGroup < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]
 
   def create_default_groups
     Consumer.find_each do |consumer|
-      StudyGroup.find_or_create_by!(consumer: consumer, external_id: nil) do |new_group|
+      StudyGroup.find_or_create_by!(consumer:, external_id: nil) do |new_group|
         new_group.name = "Default Study Group for #{consumer.name}"
       end
     end
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class MigratePermissionsToStudyGroup < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]
 
       # All platform admins will "just" be a teacher in the study group
       new_role = %w[admin teacher].include?(user.role) ? :teacher : :learner
-      membership = StudyGroupMembership.find_or_create_by!(study_group: study_group, user: user)
+      membership = StudyGroupMembership.find_or_create_by!(study_group:, user:)
       membership.update_columns(role: new_role)
     end
   end

db/seeds/production.rb

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ passwords = ['password', 'password confirmation'].map do |attribute|
 end
 
 if passwords.uniq.length == 1
-  admin = FactoryBot.create(:admin, email: email, name: 'Administrator', password: passwords.first, study_groups: StudyGroup.all)
+  admin = FactoryBot.create(:admin, email:, name: 'Administrator', password: passwords.first, study_groups: StudyGroup.all)
 else
   abort('Passwords do not match!')
 end

lib/cpp_catch2_adapter.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class CppCatch2Adapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
-  ALL_PASSED_REGEXP   		= /in\s+(\d+)\s+test case/.freeze
-  COUNT_REGEXP      		  = /test cases:\s+(\d+)/.freeze
-  FAILURES_REGEXP     		= / \|\s+(\d+)\s+failed/.freeze
-  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP 	= /\n(.+)error:(.+);/.freeze
+  ALL_PASSED_REGEXP   		= /in\s+(\d+)\s+test case/
+  COUNT_REGEXP      		  = /test cases:\s+(\d+)/
+  FAILURES_REGEXP     		= / \|\s+(\d+)\s+failed/
+  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP 	= /\n(.+)error:(.+);/
 
   def self.framework_name
     'CppCatch2'
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class CppCatch2Adapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
       count = output[:stdout].scan(COUNT_REGEXP).try(:last).try(:first).try(:to_i) || 0
       failed = output[:stdout].scan(FAILURES_REGEXP).try(:last).try(:first).try(:to_i) || 0
       error_matches = output[:stdout].scan(ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP) || []
-      {count: count, failed: failed, error_messages: error_matches.flatten.compact_blank}
+      {count:, failed:, error_messages: error_matches.flatten.compact_blank}
     end
   end
 end

lib/junit5_adapter.rb

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class Junit5Adapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
-  COUNT_REGEXP = /(\d+) tests found/.freeze
-  FAILURES_REGEXP = /(\d+) tests failed/.freeze
-  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP = /=> java\.lang\.AssertionError:?\s(.*?)\s*org\.junit|=> org\.junit\.ComparisonFailure:\s(.*?)\s*org\.junit|=>\s(.*?)\s*org\.junit\.internal\.ComparisonCriteria\.arrayEquals|=> org\.opentest4j\.AssertionFailedError:?\s(.*?)\s*org.junit/m.freeze
+  COUNT_REGEXP = /(\d+) tests found/
+  FAILURES_REGEXP = /(\d+) tests failed/
+  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP = /=> java\.lang\.AssertionError:?\s(.*?)\s*org\.junit|=> org\.junit\.ComparisonFailure:\s(.*?)\s*org\.junit|=>\s(.*?)\s*org\.junit\.internal\.ComparisonCriteria\.arrayEquals|=> org\.opentest4j\.AssertionFailedError:?\s(.*?)\s*org.junit/m
 
   def self.framework_name
     'JUnit 5'
@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ class Junit5Adapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
     count = output[:stdout].scan(COUNT_REGEXP).try(:last).try(:first).try(:to_i) || 0
     failed = output[:stdout].scan(FAILURES_REGEXP).try(:last).try(:first).try(:to_i) || 0
     if failed.zero?
-      {count: count, passed: count}
+      {count:, passed: count}
     else
       error_matches = output[:stdout].scan(ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP) || []
-      {count: count, failed: failed, error_messages: error_matches.flatten.compact_blank}
+      {count:, failed:, error_messages: error_matches.flatten.compact_blank}
     end
   end
 end

lib/junit_adapter.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class JunitAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
-  COUNT_REGEXP = /Tests run: (\d+)/.freeze
-  FAILURES_REGEXP = /Failures: (\d+)/.freeze
-  SUCCESS_REGEXP = /OK \((\d+) tests?\)\s*(?:\x1B\]0;|exit)?\s*\z/.freeze
-  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP = /java\.lang\.AssertionError:?\s(.*?)\tat org\.junit|org\.junit\.ComparisonFailure:\s(.*?)\tat org\.junit|\)\r\n(.*?)\tat org\.junit\.internal\.ComparisonCriteria\.arrayEquals\(ComparisonCriteria\.java:50\)/m.freeze
+  COUNT_REGEXP = /Tests run: (\d+)/
+  FAILURES_REGEXP = /Failures: (\d+)/
+  SUCCESS_REGEXP = /OK \((\d+) tests?\)\s*(?:\x1B\]0;|exit)?\s*\z/
+  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP = /java\.lang\.AssertionError:?\s(.*?)\tat org\.junit|org\.junit\.ComparisonFailure:\s(.*?)\tat org\.junit|\)\r\n(.*?)\tat org\.junit\.internal\.ComparisonCriteria\.arrayEquals\(ComparisonCriteria\.java:50\)/m
 
   def self.framework_name
     'JUnit 4'
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class JunitAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
       count = output[:stdout].scan(COUNT_REGEXP).try(:last).try(:first).try(:to_i) || 0
       failed = output[:stdout].scan(FAILURES_REGEXP).try(:last).try(:first).try(:to_i) || 0
       error_matches = output[:stdout].scan(ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP) || []
-      {count: count, failed: failed, error_messages: error_matches.flatten.compact_blank}
+      {count:, failed:, error_messages: error_matches.flatten.compact_blank}
     end
   end
 end

lib/mocha_adapter.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class MochaAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
-  SUCCESS_REGEXP = /(\d+) passing/.freeze
-  FAILURES_REGEXP = /(\d+) failing/.freeze
+  SUCCESS_REGEXP = /(\d+) passing/
+  FAILURES_REGEXP = /(\d+) failing/
 
   def self.framework_name
     'Mocha'
@@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ class MochaAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
   def parse_output(output)
     success = output[:stdout].scan(SUCCESS_REGEXP).try(:last).try(:first).try(:to_i) || 0
     failed = output[:stdout].scan(FAILURES_REGEXP).try(:last).try(:first).try(:to_i) || 0
-    {count: success + failed, failed: failed}
+    {count: success + failed, failed:}
   end
 end

lib/py_lint_adapter.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class PyLintAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
-  REGEXP = %r{Your code has been rated at (-?\d+\.?\d*)/(\d+\.?\d*)}.freeze
-  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP = /^(.*?\.py):(\d+):(.*?)\(([^,]*?), ([^,]*?),([^,]*?)\) (.*?)$/.freeze
+  REGEXP = %r{Your code has been rated at (-?\d+\.?\d*)/(\d+\.?\d*)}
+  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP = /^(.*?\.py):(\d+):(.*?)\(([^,]*?), ([^,]*?),([^,]*?)\) (.*?)$/
 
   def self.framework_name
     'PyLint'
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ class PyLintAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
     end
     concatenated_errors = assertion_error_matches.map {|result| "#{result[:name]}: #{result[:result]}" }
     {
-      count: count,
-      failed: failed,
+      count:,
+      failed:,
       error_messages: concatenated_errors.flatten.compact_blank,
       detailed_linter_results: assertion_error_matches.flatten.compact_blank,
     }
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class PyLintAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
         captures = message[:result].match(Regexp.new(regex))&.named_captures&.symbolize_keys
 
         if captures.nil?
-          Sentry.capture_message({regex: regex, message: message[:result]}.to_json)
+          Sentry.capture_message({regex:, message: message[:result]}.to_json)
           replacement = {}
         else
           replacement = captures.each do |key, value|
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class PyLintAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
   def self.get_t(key, default)
     # key might be "linter.#{severity}.#{name}.#{key}.#{value}"
     # or something like "linter.#{severity}.#{name}.replacement"
-    translation = I18n.t(key, default: default)
+    translation = I18n.t(key, default:)
     cleaned_key = key.delete_suffix(".#{default}") # Remove any custom prefix, might have no effect
     keys = cleaned_key.split('.')
     final_key = keys.pop
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class PyLintAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
                     # Read config key
                     I18n.t(keys.append('log_missing').join('.'), default: false)
                   end
-    Sentry.capture_message({key: cleaned_key, default: default}.to_json) if translation == default && log_missing
+    Sentry.capture_message({key: cleaned_key, default:}.to_json) if translation == default && log_missing
     translation
   end
 end

lib/py_unit_adapter.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class PyUnitAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
-  COUNT_REGEXP = /Ran (\d+) test/.freeze
-  FAILURES_REGEXP = /FAILED \(.*failures=(\d+).*\)/.freeze
-  ERRORS_REGEXP = /FAILED \(.*errors=(\d+).*\)/.freeze
-  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP = /^(ERROR|FAIL):\ (.*?)\ .*?^[^.\n]*?(Error|Exception):\s((\s|\S)*?)(>>>[^>]*?)*\s\s(-|=){70}/m.freeze
+  COUNT_REGEXP = /Ran (\d+) test/
+  FAILURES_REGEXP = /FAILED \(.*failures=(\d+).*\)/
+  ERRORS_REGEXP = /FAILED \(.*errors=(\d+).*\)/
+  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP = /^(ERROR|FAIL):\ (.*?)\ .*?^[^.\n]*?(Error|Exception):\s((\s|\S)*?)(>>>[^>]*?)*\s\s(-|=){70}/m
 
   def self.framework_name
     'PyUnit'
@@ -32,6 +32,6 @@ class PyUnitAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
       Sentry.capture_message({stderr: output[:stderr], regex: ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP}.to_json)
       assertion_error_matches = []
     end
-    {count: count, failed: failed + errors, error_messages: assertion_error_matches.flatten.compact_blank}
+    {count:, failed: failed + errors, error_messages: assertion_error_matches.flatten.compact_blank}
   end
 end

lib/r_script_adapter.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class RScriptAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
-  REGEXP = /(\d+) examples?, (\d+) passed?/.freeze
-  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP = /AssertionError:\s(.*)/.freeze
+  REGEXP = /(\d+) examples?, (\d+) passed?/
+  ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP = /AssertionError:\s(.*)/
 
   def self.framework_name
     'R Script'
@@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ class RScriptAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
     passed = captures.second
     failed = count - passed
     assertion_error_matches = output[:stdout].scan(ASSERTION_ERROR_REGEXP) || []
-    {count: count, failed: failed, error_messages: assertion_error_matches.flatten.compact_blank}
+    {count:, failed:, error_messages: assertion_error_matches.flatten.compact_blank}
   end
 end

lib/rspec_adapter.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class RspecAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
-  REGEXP = /(\d+) examples?, (\d+) failures?/.freeze
+  REGEXP = /(\d+) examples?, (\d+) failures?/
 
   def self.framework_name
     'RSpec 3'
@@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ class RspecAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
     captures = output[:stdout].scan(REGEXP).try(:last).map(&:to_i)
     count = captures.first
     failed = captures.second
-    {count: count, failed: failed}
+    {count:, failed:}
   end
 end

lib/runner/strategy/poseidon.rb

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ class Runner::Strategy::Poseidon < Runner::Strategy
 
     # First, clean the workspace and second, copy all files to their location.
     # This ensures that no artifacts from a previous submission remain in the workspace.
-    body = {copy: copy, delete: ['./*']}
+    body = {copy:, delete: ['./*']}
     response = self.class.http_connection.patch url, body.to_json
     return if response.status == 204
 
@@ -143,8 +143,8 @@ class Runner::Strategy::Poseidon < Runner::Strategy
   def retrieve_files(path: './', recursive: true, privileged_execution: false)
     url = "#{runner_url}/files"
     params = {
-      path: path,
-      recursive: recursive,
+      path:,
+      recursive:,
       privilegedExecution: privileged_execution || @execution_environment.privileged_execution,
     }
     Rails.logger.debug { "#{Time.zone.now.getutc.inspect}: Retrieving files at #{runner_url} with #{params}" }
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ class Runner::Strategy::Poseidon < Runner::Strategy
   end
 
   def attach_to_execution(command, event_loop, starting_time, privileged_execution: false)
-    websocket_url = execute_command(command, privileged_execution: privileged_execution)
+    websocket_url = execute_command(command, privileged_execution:)
     socket = Connection.new(websocket_url, self, event_loop)
     yield(socket, starting_time)
     socket
@@ -293,13 +293,13 @@ class Runner::Strategy::Poseidon < Runner::Strategy
   end
 
   def self.http_connection
-    @http_connection ||= Faraday.new(ssl: {ca_file: config[:ca_file]}, headers: headers) do |faraday|
+    @http_connection ||= Faraday.new(ssl: {ca_file: config[:ca_file]}, headers:) do |faraday|
       faraday.adapter :net_http_persistent
     end
   end
 
   def self.new_http_connection
-    Faraday.new(ssl: {ca_file: config[:ca_file]}, headers: headers) do |faraday|
+    Faraday.new(ssl: {ca_file: config[:ca_file]}, headers:) do |faraday|
       faraday.adapter :net_http
     end
   end
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ class Runner::Strategy::Poseidon < Runner::Strategy
   def execute_command(command, privileged_execution: false)
     url = "#{runner_url}/execute"
     body = {
-      command: command,
+      command:,
       timeLimit: @execution_environment.permitted_execution_time,
       privilegedExecution: privileged_execution || @execution_environment.privileged_execution,
     }

lib/sql_result_set_comparator_adapter.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class SqlResultSetComparatorAdapter < TestingFrameworkAdapter
-  MISSING_TUPLES_REGEXP = /Missing tuples: \[\]/.freeze
-  UNEXPECTED_TUPLES_REGEXP = /Unexpected tuples: \[\]/.freeze
+  MISSING_TUPLES_REGEXP = /Missing tuples: \[\]/
+  UNEXPECTED_TUPLES_REGEXP = /Unexpected tuples: \[\]/
 
   def self.framework_name
     'SqlResultSetComparator'

lib/tasks/detect_exercise_anomalies.rake

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ namespace :detect_exercise_anomalies do
         segment.each do |user|
           reason = "{\"segment\": \"#{key}\", \"feature\": \"#{user[:reason]}\", value: \"#{user[:value]}\"}"
           AnomalyNotification.create(user_id: user[:user_id], user_type: user[:user_type],
-            exercise: exercise, exercise_collection: collection, reason: reason)
+            exercise:, exercise_collection: collection, reason:)
         end
       end
 
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ namespace :detect_exercise_anomalies do
         user = u[:user_type] == InternalUser.name ? InternalUser.find(u[:user_id]) : ExternalUser.find(u[:user_id])
         host = CodeOcean::Application.config.action_mailer.default_url_options[:host]
         feedback_link = Rails.application.routes.url_helpers.url_for(action: :new,
-          controller: :user_exercise_feedbacks, exercise_id: exercise.id, host: host)
+          controller: :user_exercise_feedbacks, exercise_id: exercise.id, host:)
         UserMailer.exercise_anomaly_needs_feedback(user, exercise, feedback_link).deliver
       end
       log("Asked #{users_to_notify.size} users for feedback.", 2)

lib/tasks/export_public_exercises.rake

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ namespace :export_exercises do
     Exercise.where(public: true).each do |exercise|
       puts "Exporting exercise ##{exercise.id}"
       error = ExerciseService::PushExternal.call(
-        zip: ProformaService::ExportTask.call(exercise: exercise),
-        codeharbor_link: codeharbor_link
+        zip: ProformaService::ExportTask.call(exercise:),
+        codeharbor_link:
       )
       if error.nil?
         successful_exports << exercise.id

spec/concerns/lti_spec.rb

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ describe Lti do
     it 'returns to the tool consumer' do
       message = I18n.t('sessions.oauth.invalid_consumer')
       expect(controller).to receive(:return_to_consumer).with(lti_errorlog: message, lti_errormsg: I18n.t('sessions.oauth.failure'))
-      controller.send(:refuse_lti_launch, message: message)
+      controller.send(:refuse_lti_launch, message:)
     end
   end
 
@@ -174,14 +174,14 @@ describe Lti do
       controller.instance_variable_set(:@exercise, create(:fibonacci))
       expect(controller.session).to receive(:[]=).with(:external_user_id, anything)
       expect(controller.session).to receive(:[]=).with(:lti_parameters_id, anything)
-      controller.send(:store_lti_session_data, consumer: build(:consumer), parameters: parameters)
+      controller.send(:store_lti_session_data, consumer: build(:consumer), parameters:)
     end
 
     it 'creates an LtiParameter Object' do
       before_count = LtiParameter.count
       controller.instance_variable_set(:@current_user, create(:external_user))
       controller.instance_variable_set(:@exercise, create(:fibonacci))
-      controller.send(:store_lti_session_data, consumer: build(:consumer), parameters: parameters)
+      controller.send(:store_lti_session_data, consumer: build(:consumer), parameters:)
       expect(LtiParameter.count).to eq(before_count + 1)
     end
   end

spec/controllers/application_controller_spec.rb

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ describe ApplicationController do
       context "when using the 'locale' parameter" do
         it 'overwrites the session' do
           expect(session).to receive(:[]=).with(:locale, locale)
-          get :welcome, params: {locale: locale}
+          get :welcome, params: {locale:}
         end
       end
     end

spec/controllers/code_ocean/files_controller_spec.rb

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ describe CodeOcean::FilesController do
   end
 
   describe 'POST #create' do
-    let(:submission) { create(:submission, user: user) }
+    let(:submission) { create(:submission, user:) }
 
     context 'with a valid file' do
       let(:perform_request) { proc { post :create, params: {code_ocean_file: build(:file, context: submission).attributes, format: :json} } }

spec/controllers/codeharbor_links_controller_spec.rb

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe CodeharborLinksController do
   end
 
   describe 'GET #edit' do
-    let(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user: user) }
+    let(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user:) }
 
     before { get :edit, params: {id: codeharbor_link.id} }
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ describe CodeharborLinksController do
   end
 
   describe 'PUT #update' do
-    let(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user: user) }
+    let(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user:) }
     let(:put_request) { patch :update, params: {id: codeharbor_link.id, codeharbor_link: params} }
     let(:params) { {push_url: 'https://foo.bar/push', check_uuid_url: 'https://foo.bar/check', api_key: 'api_key'} }
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ describe CodeharborLinksController do
   end
 
   describe 'DELETE #destroy' do
-    let!(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user: user) }
+    let!(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user:) }
     let(:destroy_request) { delete :destroy, params: {id: codeharbor_link.id} }
 
     it 'deletes codeharbor_link' do

spec/controllers/comments_controller_spec.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ describe CommentsController do
   render_views
 
   let(:user) { create(:learner) }
-  let(:rfc_with_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user: user) }
+  let(:rfc_with_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user:) }
   let(:comment) { rfc_with_comment.comments.first }
   let(:updated_comment) { comment.reload }
   let(:perform_request) { proc { put :update, format: :json, params: {id: comment.id, comment: comment_params} } }

spec/controllers/execution_environments_controller_spec.rb

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ describe ExecutionEnvironmentsController do
       runner = instance_double Runner
       allow(Runner).to receive(:for).with(user, execution_environment).and_return runner
       allow(runner).to receive(:execute_command).and_return({})
-      post :execute_command, params: {command: command, id: execution_environment.id}
+      post :execute_command, params: {command:, id: execution_environment.id}
     end
 
     expect_assigns(execution_environment: :execution_environment)

spec/controllers/exercises_controller_spec.rb

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ describe ExercisesController do
       expect_assigns(exercise: Exercise)
 
       it 'clones the exercise' do
-        expect_any_instance_of(Exercise).to receive(:duplicate).with(hash_including(public: false, user: user)).and_call_original
+        expect_any_instance_of(Exercise).to receive(:duplicate).with(hash_including(public: false, user:)).and_call_original
         expect { perform_request.call }.to change(Exercise, :count).by(1)
       end
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ describe ExercisesController do
     end
 
     context 'when including a file' do
-      let(:perform_request) { proc { post :create, params: {exercise: exercise_attributes.merge(files_attributes: files_attributes)} } }
+      let(:perform_request) { proc { post :create, params: {exercise: exercise_attributes.merge(files_attributes:)} } }
 
       context 'when specifying the file content within the form' do
         let(:files_attributes) { {'0' => build(:file).attributes} }
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ describe ExercisesController do
       end
 
       context 'when uploading a file' do
-        let(:files_attributes) { {'0' => build(:file, file_type: file_type).attributes.merge(content: uploaded_file)} }
+        let(:files_attributes) { {'0' => build(:file, file_type:).attributes.merge(content: uploaded_file)} }
 
         context 'when uploading a binary file' do
           let(:file_path) { Rails.root.join('db/seeds/audio_video/devstories.mp4') }
@@ -255,14 +255,14 @@ describe ExercisesController do
   end
 
   describe 'GET #external_user_statistics' do
-    let(:perform_request) { get :external_user_statistics, params: params }
+    let(:perform_request) { get :external_user_statistics, params: }
     let(:params) { {id: exercise.id, external_user_id: external_user.id} }
     let(:external_user) { create(:external_user) }
 
     before do
-      2.times { create(:submission, cause: 'autosave', user: external_user, exercise: exercise) }
-      2.times { create(:submission, cause: 'run', user: external_user, exercise: exercise) }
-      create(:submission, cause: 'assess', user: external_user, exercise: exercise)
+      2.times { create(:submission, cause: 'autosave', user: external_user, exercise:) }
+      2.times { create(:submission, cause: 'run', user: external_user, exercise:) }
+      create(:submission, cause: 'assess', user: external_user, exercise:)
     end
 
     context 'when viewing the default submission statistics page without a parameter' do
@@ -312,8 +312,8 @@ describe ExercisesController do
     end
 
     before do
-      create(:lti_parameter, external_user: user, exercise: exercise)
-      submission = build(:submission, exercise: exercise, user: user)
+      create(:lti_parameter, external_user: user, exercise:)
+      submission = build(:submission, exercise:, user:)
       allow(submission).to receive(:normalized_score).and_return(1)
       allow(submission).to receive(:calculate_score).and_return(scoring_response)
       allow(Submission).to receive(:create).and_return(submission)
@@ -404,13 +404,13 @@ describe ExercisesController do
     render_views
 
     let(:post_request) { post :export_external_check, params: {id: exercise.id} }
-    let!(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user: user) }
-    let(:external_check_hash) { {message: message, uuid_found: true, update_right: update_right, error: error} }
+    let!(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user:) }
+    let(:external_check_hash) { {message:, uuid_found: true, update_right:, error:} }
     let(:message) { 'message' }
     let(:update_right) { true }
     let(:error) { nil }
 
-    before { allow(ExerciseService::CheckExternal).to receive(:call).with(uuid: exercise.uuid, codeharbor_link: codeharbor_link).and_return(external_check_hash) }
+    before { allow(ExerciseService::CheckExternal).to receive(:call).with(uuid: exercise.uuid, codeharbor_link:).and_return(external_check_hash) }
 
     it 'renders the correct contents as json' do
       post_request
@@ -457,14 +457,14 @@ describe ExercisesController do
   describe 'POST #export_external_confirm' do
     render_views
 
-    let!(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user: user) }
+    let!(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user:) }
     let(:post_request) { post :export_external_confirm, params: {id: exercise.id, codeharbor_link: codeharbor_link.id} }
     let(:error) { nil }
     let(:zip) { 'zip' }
 
     before do
-      allow(ProformaService::ExportTask).to receive(:call).with(exercise: exercise).and_return(zip)
-      allow(ExerciseService::PushExternal).to receive(:call).with(zip: zip, codeharbor_link: codeharbor_link).and_return(error)
+      allow(ProformaService::ExportTask).to receive(:call).with(exercise:).and_return(zip)
+      allow(ExerciseService::PushExternal).to receive(:call).with(zip:, codeharbor_link:).and_return(error)
     end
 
     it 'renders correct response' do
@@ -493,9 +493,9 @@ describe ExercisesController do
 
   describe 'POST #import_uuid_check' do
     let(:exercise) { create(:dummy, uuid: SecureRandom.uuid) }
-    let!(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user: user) }
+    let!(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user:) }
     let(:uuid) { exercise.reload.uuid }
-    let(:post_request) { post :import_uuid_check, params: {uuid: uuid} }
+    let(:post_request) { post :import_uuid_check, params: {uuid:} }
     let(:headers) { {'Authorization' => "Bearer #{codeharbor_link.api_key}"} }
 
     before { request.headers.merge! headers }
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ describe ExercisesController do
   end
 
   describe 'POST #import_task' do
-    let(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user: user) }
+    let(:codeharbor_link) { create(:codeharbor_link, user:) }
     let!(:imported_exercise) { create(:fibonacci) }
     let(:post_request) { post :import_task, body: zip_file_content }
     let(:zip_file_content) { 'zipped task xml' }
@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ describe ExercisesController do
 
     it 'calls service' do
       post_request
-      expect(ProformaService::Import).to have_received(:call).with(zip: be_a(Tempfile).and(has_content(zip_file_content)), user: user)
+      expect(ProformaService::Import).to have_received(:call).with(zip: be_a(Tempfile).and(has_content(zip_file_content)), user:)
     end
 
     context 'when import fails with ProformaError' do

spec/controllers/internal_users_controller_spec.rb

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ describe InternalUsersController do
     context 'with an already activated user' do
       before do
         user.activate!
-        put :activate, params: {id: user.id, internal_user: {activation_token: user.activation_token, password: password, password_confirmation: password}}
+        put :activate, params: {id: user.id, internal_user: {activation_token: user.activation_token, password:, password_confirmation: password}}
       end
 
       expect_redirect(:root)
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ describe InternalUsersController do
     end
 
     context 'without a valid password confirmation' do
-      before { put :activate, params: {id: user.id, internal_user: {activation_token: user.activation_token, password: password, password_confirmation: ''}} }
+      before { put :activate, params: {id: user.id, internal_user: {activation_token: user.activation_token, password:, password_confirmation: ''}} }
 
       expect_assigns(user: InternalUser)
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ describe InternalUsersController do
     end
 
     context 'with valid preconditions' do
-      before { put :activate, params: {id: user.id, internal_user: {activation_token: user.activation_token, password: password, password_confirmation: password}} }
+      before { put :activate, params: {id: user.id, internal_user: {activation_token: user.activation_token, password:, password_confirmation: password}} }
 
       expect_assigns(user: InternalUser)
 
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ describe InternalUsersController do
       let(:password) { 'foo' }
 
       context 'with a matching password confirmation' do
-        let(:perform_request) { proc { put :reset_password, params: {internal_user: {password: password, password_confirmation: password}, id: user.id, token: user.reset_password_token} } }
+        let(:perform_request) { proc { put :reset_password, params: {internal_user: {password:, password_confirmation: password}, id: user.id, token: user.reset_password_token} } }
 
         before { perform_request.call }
 
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ describe InternalUsersController do
 
       context 'without a matching password confirmation' do
         before do
-          put :reset_password, params: {internal_user: {password: password, password_confirmation: ''}, id: user.id, token: user.reset_password_token}
+          put :reset_password, params: {internal_user: {password:, password_confirmation: ''}, id: user.id, token: user.reset_password_token}
         end
 
         expect_assigns(user: :user)

spec/controllers/request_for_comments_controller_spec.rb

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe RequestForCommentsController do
 
     it 'shows only rfc`s belonging to selected study group' do
       my_study_group = create(:study_group)
-      rfc_within_my_study_group = create(:rfc, user: user)
+      rfc_within_my_study_group = create(:rfc, user:)
       user.update(study_groups: [my_study_group])
       rfc_within_my_study_group.submission.update(study_group: my_study_group)
 

spec/controllers/sessions_controller_spec.rb

@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ describe SessionsController do
 
   describe 'POST #create' do
     let(:password) { attributes_for(:teacher)[:password] }
-    let(:user) { InternalUser.create(user_attributes.merge(password: password)) }
+    let(:user) { InternalUser.create(user_attributes.merge(password:)) }
     let(:user_attributes) { build(:teacher).attributes }
 
     context 'with valid credentials' do
       before do
         user.activate!
-        post :create, params: {email: user.email, password: password, remember_me: 1}
+        post :create, params: {email: user.email, password:, remember_me: 1}
       end
 
       expect_flash_message(:notice, :'sessions.create.success')
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ describe SessionsController do
 
       context 'when LTI outcomes are supported' do
         # The expected message should be localized in the requested localization
-        let(:message) { I18n.t('sessions.create_through_lti.session_with_outcome', consumer: consumer, locale: locale) }
+        let(:message) { I18n.t('sessions.create_through_lti.session_with_outcome', consumer:, locale:) }
 
         before do
           allow(controller).to receive(:lti_outcome_service?).and_return(true)
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ describe SessionsController do
 
       context 'when LTI outcomes are not supported' do
         # The expected message should be localized in the requested localization
-        let(:message) { I18n.t('sessions.create_through_lti.session_without_outcome', consumer: consumer, locale: locale) }
+        let(:message) { I18n.t('sessions.create_through_lti.session_without_outcome', consumer:, locale:) }
 
         before do
           allow(controller).to receive(:lti_outcome_service?).and_return(false)

spec/controllers/submissions_controller_spec.rb

@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ describe SubmissionsController do
     context 'with an invalid filename' do
       let(:filename) { SecureRandom.hex }
 
-      before { get :render_file, params: {filename: filename, id: submission.id, token: token} }
+      before { get :render_file, params: {filename:, id: submission.id, token:} }
 
       expect_http_status(:not_found)
     end
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ describe SubmissionsController do
       let(:submission) { create(:submission, exercise: create(:audio_video)) }
       let(:filename) { file.name_with_extension }
 
-      before { get :render_file, params: {filename: filename, id: submission.id, token: token} }
+      before { get :render_file, params: {filename:, id: submission.id, token:} }
 
       context 'with a binary file' do
         let(:file) { submission.collect_files.detect {|file| file.file_type.file_extension == '.mp4' } }

spec/factories/consumer.rb

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
 
   trait :singleton_consumer do
     initialize_with do
-      Consumer.find_or_initialize_by(name: name) do |consumer|
+      Consumer.find_or_initialize_by(name:) do |consumer|
         consumer.oauth_key = SecureRandom.hex
         consumer.oauth_secret = SecureRandom.hex
       end

spec/factories/execution_environment.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
     default_memory_limit
     default_cpu_limit
     docker_image { 'hklement/ubuntu-coffee:latest' }
-    file_type { association :dot_coffee, user: user }
+    file_type { association :dot_coffee, user: }
     help
     name { 'CoffeeScript' }
     network_enabled { false }
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
     default_memory_limit
     default_cpu_limit
     docker_image { 'hklement/ubuntu-html:latest' }
-    file_type { association :dot_html, user: user }
+    file_type { association :dot_html, user: }
     help
     name { 'HTML5' }
     network_enabled { false }
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
     default_memory_limit
     default_cpu_limit
     docker_image { 'openhpi/co_execenv_java:8-antlr' }
-    file_type { association :dot_java, user: user }
+    file_type { association :dot_java, user: }
     help
     name { 'Java 8' }
     network_enabled { false }
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
     default_memory_limit
     default_cpu_limit
     docker_image { 'hklement/ubuntu-jruby:latest' }
-    file_type { association :dot_rb, user: user }
+    file_type { association :dot_rb, user: }
     help
     name { 'JRuby 1.7' }
     network_enabled { false }
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
     default_memory_limit
     default_cpu_limit
     docker_image { 'hklement/ubuntu-node:latest' }
-    file_type { association :dot_js, user: user }
+    file_type { association :dot_js, user: }
     help
     name { 'Node.js' }
     network_enabled { false }
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
     default_memory_limit
     default_cpu_limit
     docker_image { 'openhpi/co_execenv_python:3.4' }
-    file_type { association :dot_py, user: user }
+    file_type { association :dot_py, user: }
     help
     name { 'Python 3.4' }
     network_enabled { false }
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
     default_memory_limit
     default_cpu_limit
     docker_image { 'hklement/ubuntu-ruby:latest' }
-    file_type { association :dot_rb, user: user }
+    file_type { association :dot_rb, user: }
     help
     name { 'Ruby 2.2' }
     network_enabled { false }
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
     default_memory_limit
     default_cpu_limit
     docker_image { 'hklement/ubuntu-sinatra:latest' }
-    file_type { association :dot_rb, user: user }
+    file_type { association :dot_rb, user: }
     exposed_ports { [4567] }
     help
     name { 'Sinatra' }
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
     default_memory_limit
     default_cpu_limit
     docker_image { 'hklement/ubuntu-sqlite:latest' }
-    file_type { association :dot_sql, user: user }
+    file_type { association :dot_sql, user: }
     help
     name { 'SQLite' }
     network_enabled { false }
@@ -173,6 +173,6 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   end
 
   trait :singleton_execution_environment do
-    initialize_with { ExecutionEnvironment.where(name: name).first_or_create }
+    initialize_with { ExecutionEnvironment.where(name:).first_or_create }
   end
 end

spec/factories/exercise.rb

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ def create_seed_file(exercise, path, file_attributes = {})
     user: exercise.user
   )
   name = File.basename(path).gsub(file_extension, '')
-  file_attributes.merge!(file_type: file_type, name: name, path: path.split('/')[1..-2].join('/'), role: file_attributes[:role] || 'regular_file')
+  file_attributes.merge!(file_type:, name:, path: path.split('/')[1..-2].join('/'), role: file_attributes[:role] || 'regular_file')
   if file_type.binary?
     file_attributes[:native_file] = File.open(SeedsHelper.seed_file_path(path), 'r')
   else
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :audio_video, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { "Try HTML's audio and video capabilities." }
-    execution_environment { association :html, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :html, user: }
     instructions { 'Build a simple website including an HTML <audio> and <video> element. Link the following media files: chai.ogg, devstories.mp4.' }
     title { 'Audio & Video' }
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :dummy, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { 'Dummy' }
-    execution_environment { association :ruby, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :ruby, user: }
     instructions
     title { 'Dummy' }
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
       # attributes; `create_list`'s second argument is the number of records
       # to create and we make sure the user_exercise_feedback is associated properly to the exercise
       after(:create) do |exercise, evaluator|
-        create_list(:user_exercise_feedback, evaluator.user_feedbacks_count, exercise: exercise)
+        create_list(:user_exercise_feedback, evaluator.user_feedbacks_count, exercise:)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :even_odd, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { 'Implement two methods even and odd which return whether a given number is even or odd, respectively.' }
-    execution_environment { association :python, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :python, user: }
     instructions
     title { 'Even/Odd' }
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :fibonacci, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { 'Implement a recursive function that calculates a requested Fibonacci number.' }
-    execution_environment { association :ruby, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :ruby, user: }
     instructions
     title { 'Fibonacci Sequence' }
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :files, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { 'Learn how to work with files.' }
-    execution_environment { association :ruby, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :ruby, user: }
     instructions
     title { 'Working with Files' }
 
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :geolocation, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { "Use the HTML5 Geolocation API to get the user's geographical position." }
-    execution_environment { association :html, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :html, user: }
     instructions
     title { 'Geolocation' }
 
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :hello_world, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { "Write a simple 'Hello World' application." }
-    execution_environment { association :ruby, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :ruby, user: }
     instructions
     title { 'Hello World' }
 
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :math, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { 'Implement a recursive math library.' }
-    execution_environment { association :java, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :java, user: }
     instructions
     title { 'Math' }
 
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :primes, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { 'Write a function that prints the first n prime numbers.' }
-    execution_environment { association :node_js, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :node_js, user: }
     instructions
     title { 'Primes' }
 
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :sql_select, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { 'Learn to use the SELECT statement.' }
-    execution_environment { association :sqlite, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :sqlite, user: }
     instructions { "Write a query which selects the full rows for all people with the last name 'Doe'." }
     title { 'SELECT' }
 
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :tdd, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { 'Learn to appreciate test-driven development.' }
-    execution_environment { association :ruby, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :ruby, user: }
     instructions { SeedsHelper.read_seed_file('tdd/instructions.md') }
     title { 'Test-driven Development' }
 
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
   factory :web_app, class: 'Exercise' do
     created_by_teacher
     description { 'Build a simple Web application with Sinatra.' }
-    execution_environment { association :sinatra, user: user }
+    execution_environment { association :sinatra, user: }
     instructions
     title { 'A Simple Web Application' }
 

spec/factories/shared_traits.rb

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
 
   [ExternalUser, InternalUser].each do |klass|
     trait :"singleton_#{klass.name.underscore}" do
-      initialize_with { klass.where(email: email).first_or_create }
+      initialize_with { klass.where(email:).first_or_create }
     end
   end
 

spec/features/authentication_spec.rb

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ describe 'Authentication' do
     end
 
     context 'with no authentication token' do
-      let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user: user) }
+      let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user:) }
       let(:rfc_path) { request_for_comment_url(request_for_comment) }
 
       it 'denies access to the request for comment' do
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ describe 'Authentication' do
     context 'with an authentication token' do
       let(:user) { create(:learner) }
       let(:study_group) { request_for_comment.submission.study_group }
-      let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user: user) }
+      let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user:) }
       let(:commenting_user) { InternalUser.create(attributes_for(:teacher)) }
       let(:mail) { UserMailer.got_new_comment(request_for_comment.comments.first, request_for_comment, commenting_user) }
       let(:rfc_link) { request_for_comment_url(request_for_comment, token: token.shared_secret) }
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ describe 'Authentication' do
       before { allow(AuthenticationToken).to receive(:generate!).with(user, study_group).and_return(token).once }
 
       context 'when the token is valid' do
-        let(:token) { create(:authentication_token, user: user, study_group: study_group) }
+        let(:token) { create(:authentication_token, user:, study_group:) }
 
         it 'allows access to the request for comment' do
           mail.deliver_now
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ describe 'Authentication' do
       end
 
       context 'with an expired authentication token' do
-        let(:token) { create(:authentication_token, :invalid, user: user, study_group: study_group) }
+        let(:token) { create(:authentication_token, :invalid, user:, study_group:) }
 
         it 'denies access to the request for comment' do
           mail.deliver_now
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ describe 'Authentication' do
       end
 
       context 'when the authentication token is used to login' do
-        let(:token) { create(:authentication_token, user: user, study_group: study_group) }
+        let(:token) { create(:authentication_token, user:, study_group:) }
 
         it 'invalidates the token on login' do
           mail.deliver_now
@@ -108,14 +108,14 @@ describe 'Authentication' do
     end
 
     context 'with an authentication token' do
-      let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user: user) }
+      let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user:) }
       let(:study_group) { request_for_comment.submission.study_group }
       let(:commenting_user) { InternalUser.create(attributes_for(:teacher)) }
       let(:mail) { UserMailer.got_new_comment(request_for_comment.comments.first, request_for_comment, commenting_user) }
       let(:rfc_link) { request_for_comment_url(request_for_comment, token: token.shared_secret) }
 
       it 'still invalidates the token on login' do
-        token = create(:authentication_token, user: user, study_group: study_group)
+        token = create(:authentication_token, user:, study_group:)
         mail = UserMailer.got_new_comment(request_for_comment.comments.first, request_for_comment, commenting_user)
         mail.deliver_now
         visit(request_for_comment_url(request_for_comment, token: token.shared_secret))

spec/features/editor_spec.rb

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ describe 'Editor', js: true do
   end
 
   it 'contains a button for submitting the exercise' do
-    submission = build(:submission, user: user, exercise: exercise)
+    submission = build(:submission, user:, exercise:)
     allow(submission).to receive(:calculate_score).and_return(scoring_response)
     allow(Submission).to receive(:find).and_return(submission)
     click_button(I18n.t('exercises.editor.score'))

spec/features/external_user_statistics_spec.rb

@@ -4,15 +4,15 @@ require 'rails_helper'
 
 describe 'ExternalUserStatistics', js: true do
   let(:learner) { create(:external_user) }
-  let(:exercise) { create(:dummy, user: user) }
+  let(:exercise) { create(:dummy, user:) }
   let(:study_group) { create(:study_group) }
   let(:password) { 'password123456' }
 
   before do
-    2.times { create(:submission, cause: 'autosave', user: learner, exercise: exercise, study_group: study_group) }
-    2.times { create(:submission, cause: 'run', user: learner, exercise: exercise, study_group: study_group) }
-    create(:submission, cause: 'assess', user: learner, exercise: exercise, study_group: study_group)
-    create(:submission, cause: 'submit', user: learner, exercise: exercise, study_group: study_group)
+    2.times { create(:submission, cause: 'autosave', user: learner, exercise:, study_group:) }
+    2.times { create(:submission, cause: 'run', user: learner, exercise:, study_group:) }
+    create(:submission, cause: 'assess', user: learner, exercise:, study_group:)
+    create(:submission, cause: 'submit', user: learner, exercise:, study_group:)
 
     study_group.external_users << learner
     study_group.internal_users << user
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ describe 'ExternalUserStatistics', js: true do
   end
 
   context 'when a admin accesses the page' do
-    let(:user) { create(:admin, password: password) }
+    let(:user) { create(:admin, password:) }
 
     it 'does display the option to enable autosaves' do
       expect(page).to have_content(I18n.t('exercises.external_users.statistics.toggle_status_on')).or have_content(I18n.t('exercises.external_users.statistics.toggle_status_off'))
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ describe 'ExternalUserStatistics', js: true do
   end
 
   context 'when a teacher accesses the page' do
-    let(:user) { create(:teacher, password: password) }
+    let(:user) { create(:teacher, password:) }
 
     it 'does not display the option to enable autosaves' do
       expect(page).not_to have_content(I18n.t('exercises.external_users.statistics.toggle_status_on'))

spec/lib/assessor_spec.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ describe Assessor do
   let(:assessor) { described_class.new(execution_environment: build(:ruby)) }
 
   describe '#assess' do
-    let(:assess) { assessor.assess(stdout: stdout) }
+    let(:assess) { assessor.assess(stdout:) }
     let(:stdout) { "Finished in 0.1 seconds (files took 0.1 seconds to load)\n2 examples, 1 failure" }
 
     context 'when an error occurs' do
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ describe Assessor do
   describe '#calculate_score' do
     let(:count) { 42 }
     let(:passed) { 17 }
-    let(:test_outcome) { {count: count, passed: passed} }
+    let(:test_outcome) { {count:, passed:} }
 
     it 'returns the correct score' do
       expect(assessor.send(:calculate_score, test_outcome)).to eq(passed.to_f / count)

spec/lib/junit_adapter_spec.rb

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ describe JunitAdapter do
       let(:error_matches) { [] }
 
       it 'returns the correct numbers' do
-        expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout: stdout)).to eq(count: count, failed: failed, error_messages: error_matches)
+        expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout:)).to eq(count:, failed:, error_messages: error_matches)
       end
     end
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe JunitAdapter do
       let(:stdout) { "OK (#{count} tests)" }
 
       it 'returns the correct numbers' do
-        expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout: stdout)).to eq(count: count, passed: count)
+        expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout:)).to eq(count:, passed: count)
       end
     end
   end

spec/lib/mocha_adapter_spec.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe MochaAdapter do
 
   describe '#parse_output' do
     it 'returns the correct numbers' do
-      expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout: stdout)).to eq(count: count, failed: failed)
+      expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout:)).to eq(count:, failed:)
     end
   end
 end

spec/lib/py_unit_adapter_spec.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe PyUnitAdapter do
 
   describe '#parse_output' do
     it 'returns the correct numbers' do
-      expect(adapter.parse_output(stderr: stderr)).to eq(count: count, failed: failed, error_messages: error_matches)
+      expect(adapter.parse_output(stderr:)).to eq(count:, failed:, error_messages: error_matches)
     end
   end
 end

spec/lib/rspec_adapter_spec.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe RspecAdapter do
 
   describe '#parse_output' do
     it 'returns the correct numbers' do
-      expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout: stdout)).to eq(count: count, failed: failed)
+      expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout:)).to eq(count:, failed:)
     end
   end
 end

spec/lib/runner/strategy/poseidon_spec.rb

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ describe Runner::Strategy::Poseidon do
       it "returns true on status #{status}" do
         faraday_connection = instance_double Faraday::Connection
         allow(described_class).to receive(:http_connection).and_return(faraday_connection)
-        allow(faraday_connection).to receive(:put).and_return(Faraday::Response.new(status: status))
+        allow(faraday_connection).to receive(:put).and_return(Faraday::Response.new(status:))
         expect(action.call).to be_truthy
       end
     end
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ describe Runner::Strategy::Poseidon do
       it "raises an exception on status #{status}" do
         faraday_connection = instance_double Faraday::Connection
         allow(described_class).to receive(:http_connection).and_return(faraday_connection)
-        allow(faraday_connection).to receive(:put).and_return(Faraday::Response.new(status: status))
+        allow(faraday_connection).to receive(:put).and_return(Faraday::Response.new(status:))
         expect { action.call }.to raise_exception Runner::Error::UnexpectedResponse
       end
     end
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ describe Runner::Strategy::Poseidon do
         .stub_request(:post, "#{described_class.config[:url]}/runners/#{runner_id}/execute")
         .with(
           body: {
-            command: command,
+            command:,
             timeLimit: execution_environment.permitted_execution_time,
             privilegedExecution: execution_environment.privileged_execution,
           },

spec/lib/sql_result_set_comparator_adapter_spec.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ describe SqlResultSetComparatorAdapter do
       let(:stdout) { "Missing tuples: [1]\nUnexpected tuples: []" }
 
       it 'considers the test as failed' do
-        expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout: stdout)).to eq(count: 1, failed: 1)
+        expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout:)).to eq(count: 1, failed: 1)
       end
     end
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ describe SqlResultSetComparatorAdapter do
       let(:stdout) { "Missing tuples: []\nUnexpected tuples: [1]" }
 
       it 'considers the test as failed' do
-        expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout: stdout)).to eq(count: 1, failed: 1)
+        expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout:)).to eq(count: 1, failed: 1)
       end
     end
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ describe SqlResultSetComparatorAdapter do
       let(:stdout) { "Missing tuples: []\nUnexpected tuples: []" }
 
       it 'considers the test as passed' do
-        expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout: stdout)).to eq(count: 1, passed: 1)
+        expect(adapter.parse_output(stdout:)).to eq(count: 1, passed: 1)
       end
     end
   end

spec/lib/testing_framework_adapter_spec.rb

@@ -11,19 +11,19 @@ describe TestingFrameworkAdapter do
   describe '#augment_output' do
     context 'when missing the count of all tests' do
       it 'adds the count of all tests' do
-        expect(adapter.send(:augment_output, failed: failed, passed: passed)).to include(count: count)
+        expect(adapter.send(:augment_output, failed:, passed:)).to include(count:)
       end
     end
 
     context 'when missing the count of failed tests' do
       it 'adds the count of failed tests' do
-        expect(adapter.send(:augment_output, count: count, passed: passed)).to include(failed: failed)
+        expect(adapter.send(:augment_output, count:, passed:)).to include(failed:)
       end
     end
 
     context 'when missing the count of passed tests' do
       it 'adds the count of passed tests' do
-        expect(adapter.send(:augment_output, count: count, failed: failed)).to include(passed: passed)
+        expect(adapter.send(:augment_output, count:, failed:)).to include(passed:)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ describe TestingFrameworkAdapter do
 
   describe '#test_outcome' do
     it 'calls the framework-specific implementation' do
-      allow(adapter).to receive(:parse_output).and_return(count: count, failed: failed, passed: passed)
+      allow(adapter).to receive(:parse_output).and_return(count:, failed:, passed:)
       expect(adapter).to receive(:parse_output)
       adapter.test_outcome('')
     end

spec/mailers/user_mailer_spec.rb

@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ describe UserMailer do
 
   describe '#got_new_comment' do
     let(:user) { create(:learner) }
-    let(:token) { AuthenticationToken.find_by(user: user) }
-    let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user: user) }
+    let(:token) { AuthenticationToken.find_by(user:) }
+    let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user:) }
     let(:commenting_user) { InternalUser.create(attributes_for(:teacher)) }
     let(:mail) { described_class.got_new_comment(request_for_comment.comments.first, request_for_comment, commenting_user).deliver_now }
 
@@ -116,9 +116,9 @@ describe UserMailer do
 
   describe '#got_new_comment_for_subscription' do
     let(:user) { create(:learner) }
-    let(:token) { AuthenticationToken.find_by(user: user) }
-    let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user: user) }
-    let(:subscription) { Subscription.create(request_for_comment: request_for_comment, user: user, study_group_id: user.current_study_group_id) }
+    let(:token) { AuthenticationToken.find_by(user:) }
+    let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user:) }
+    let(:subscription) { Subscription.create(request_for_comment:, user:, study_group_id: user.current_study_group_id) }
     let(:from_user) { InternalUser.create(attributes_for(:teacher)) }
     let(:mail) { described_class.got_new_comment_for_subscription(request_for_comment.comments.first, subscription, from_user).deliver_now }
 
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ describe UserMailer do
     let(:user) { create(:learner) }
     let(:receiver) { create(:teacher) }
     let(:token) { AuthenticationToken.find_by(user: receiver) }
-    let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user: user) }
+    let(:request_for_comment) { create(:rfc_with_comment, user:) }
     let(:mail) { described_class.send_thank_you_note(request_for_comment, receiver).deliver_now }
 
     it 'sets the correct sender' do

spec/models/exercise_spec.rb

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ describe Exercise do
   let(:users) { create_list(:external_user, 10) }
 
   def create_submissions
-    create_list(:submission, 10, cause: 'submit', exercise: exercise, score: Forgery(:basic).number, user: users.sample)
+    create_list(:submission, 10, cause: 'submit', exercise:, score: Forgery(:basic).number, user: users.sample)
   end
 
   it 'validates the number of main files' do
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ describe Exercise do
 
     it 'overwrites the supplied attributes' do
       title = Forgery(:basic).text
-      expect(exercise.duplicate(title: title).title).to eq(title)
+      expect(exercise.duplicate(title:).title).to eq(title)
     end
 
     it 'duplicates all associated files' do

spec/models/internal_user_spec.rb

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe InternalUser do
     end
 
     it 'validates the confirmation of the password' do
-      user.update(password: password, password_confirmation: '')
+      user.update(password:, password_confirmation: '')
       expect(user.errors[:password_confirmation]).to be_present
     end
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ describe InternalUser do
     before { user.deliver_reset_password_instructions! }
 
     it 'validates the confirmation of the password' do
-      user.update(password: password, password_confirmation: '')
+      user.update(password:, password_confirmation: '')
       expect(user.errors[:password_confirmation]).to be_present
     end
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ describe InternalUser do
     let(:user) { create(:teacher, activation_state: 'active') }
 
     it 'does not validate the confirmation of the password' do
-      user.update(password: password, password_confirmation: '')
+      user.update(password:, password_confirmation: '')
       expect(user.errors[:password_confirmation]).not_to be_present
     end
 

spec/models/runner_spec.rb

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ describe Runner do
   describe '::strategy_class' do
     shared_examples 'uses the strategy defined in the constant' do |strategy, strategy_class|
       let(:codeocean_config) { instance_double(CodeOcean::Config) }
-      let(:runner_management_config) { {runner_management: {enabled: true, strategy: strategy}} }
+      let(:runner_management_config) { {runner_management: {enabled: true, strategy:}} }
 
       before do
         # Ensure to reset the memorized helper
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ describe Runner do
   describe 'creation' do
     let(:user) { create(:external_user) }
     let(:execution_environment) { create(:ruby) }
-    let(:create_action) { -> { described_class.create(user: user, execution_environment: execution_environment) } }
+    let(:create_action) { -> { described_class.create(user:, execution_environment:) } }
 
     it 'requests a runner id from the runner management' do
       expect(strategy_class).to receive(:request_from_management)
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ describe Runner do
     end
 
     context 'when a runner already exists' do
-      let!(:existing_runner) { create(:runner, user: user, execution_environment: exercise.execution_environment) }
+      let!(:existing_runner) { create(:runner, user:, execution_environment: exercise.execution_environment) }
 
       it 'returns the existing runner' do
         new_runner = described_class.for(user, exercise.execution_environment)

spec/models/submission_spec.rb

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ describe Submission do
   end
 
   describe '#siblings' do
-    let(:siblings) { described_class.find_by(user: user).siblings }
+    let(:siblings) { described_class.find_by(user:).siblings }
     let(:user) { create(:external_user) }
 
     before do
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ describe Submission do
     context 'with no exercise feedback' do
       let(:exercise) { create(:dummy) }
       let(:user) { build(:external_user, id: (11 - (exercise.created_at.to_i % 10)) % 10) }
-      let(:submission) { build(:submission, exercise: exercise, user: user) }
+      let(:submission) { build(:submission, exercise:, user:) }
 
       it 'sends 10% of users to feedback page' do
         expect(submission.send(:redirect_to_feedback?)).to be_truthy
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ describe Submission do
 
       it 'does not redirect other users' do
         9.times do |i|
-          submission = build(:submission, exercise: exercise, user: build(:external_user, id: (11 - (exercise.created_at.to_i % 10)) - i - 1))
+          submission = build(:submission, exercise:, user: build(:external_user, id: (11 - (exercise.created_at.to_i % 10)) - i - 1))
           expect(submission.send(:redirect_to_feedback?)).to be_falsey
         end
       end
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ describe Submission do
     context 'with little exercise feedback' do
       let(:exercise) { create(:dummy_with_user_feedbacks) }
       let(:user) { build(:external_user, id: (11 - (exercise.created_at.to_i % 10)) % 10) }
-      let(:submission) { build(:submission, exercise: exercise, user: user) }
+      let(:submission) { build(:submission, exercise:, user:) }
 
       it 'sends 10% of users to feedback page' do
         expect(submission.send(:redirect_to_feedback?)).to be_truthy
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ describe Submission do
 
       it 'does not redirect other users' do
         9.times do |i|
-          submission = build(:submission, exercise: exercise, user: build(:external_user, id: (11 - (exercise.created_at.to_i % 10)) - i - 1))
+          submission = build(:submission, exercise:, user: build(:external_user, id: (11 - (exercise.created_at.to_i % 10)) - i - 1))
           expect(submission.send(:redirect_to_feedback?)).to be_falsey
         end
       end

spec/policies/exercise_policy_spec.rb

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ describe ExercisePolicy do
       before do
         [admin, teacher].each do |user|
           [true, false].each do |public|
-            create(:dummy, public: public, user_id: user.id, user_type: InternalUser.name)
+            create(:dummy, public:, user_id: user.id, user_type: InternalUser.name)
           end
         end
       end

spec/rails_helper.rb

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ require 'pundit/rspec'
 # run twice. It is recommended that you do not name files matching this glob to
 # end with _spec.rb. You can configure this pattern with with the --pattern
 # option on the command line or in ~/.rspec, .rspec or `.rspec-local`.
-Dir[Rails.root.join('spec/support/**/*.rb')].sort.each {|f| require f }
+Dir[Rails.root.join('spec/support/**/*.rb')].each {|f| require f }
 
 # Checks for pending migrations before tests are run.
 # If you are not using ActiveRecord, you can remove this line.

spec/services/exercise_service/check_external_spec.rb

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ require 'rails_helper'
 
 describe ExerciseService::CheckExternal do
   describe '.new' do
-    subject(:export_service) { described_class.new(uuid: uuid, codeharbor_link: codeharbor_link) }
+    subject(:export_service) { described_class.new(uuid:, codeharbor_link:) }
 
     let(:uuid) { SecureRandom.uuid }
     let(:codeharbor_link) { build(:codeharbor_link) }
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe ExerciseService::CheckExternal do
   end
 
   describe '#execute' do
-    subject(:check_external_service) { described_class.call(uuid: uuid, codeharbor_link: codeharbor_link) }
+    subject(:check_external_service) { described_class.call(uuid:, codeharbor_link:) }
 
     let(:uuid) { SecureRandom.uuid }
     let(:codeharbor_link) { build(:codeharbor_link) }
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ describe ExerciseService::CheckExternal do
 
     it 'submits the correct body' do
       expect(check_external_service).to have_requested(:post, codeharbor_link.check_uuid_url)
-        .with(body: {uuid: uuid}.to_json)
+        .with(body: {uuid:}.to_json)
     end
 
     context 'when response contains a JSON with expected keys' do

spec/services/exercise_service/push_external_spec.rb

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe ExerciseService::PushExternal do
   describe '.new' do
-    subject(:push_external) { described_class.new(zip: zip, codeharbor_link: codeharbor_link) }
+    subject(:push_external) { described_class.new(zip:, codeharbor_link:) }
 
     let(:zip) { ProformaService::ExportTask.call(exercise: build(:dummy)) }
     let(:codeharbor_link) { build(:codeharbor_link) }
@@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ RSpec.describe ExerciseService::PushExternal do
   end
 
   describe '#execute' do
-    subject(:push_external) { described_class.call(zip: zip, codeharbor_link: codeharbor_link) }
+    subject(:push_external) { described_class.call(zip:, codeharbor_link:) }
 
     let(:zip) { ProformaService::ExportTask.call(exercise: build(:dummy)) }
     let(:codeharbor_link) { build(:codeharbor_link) }
     let(:status) { 200 }
     let(:response) { '' }
 
-    before { stub_request(:post, codeharbor_link.push_url).to_return(status: status, body: response) }
+    before { stub_request(:post, codeharbor_link.push_url).to_return(status:, body: response) }
 
     it 'calls the correct url' do
       expect(push_external).to have_requested(:post, codeharbor_link.push_url)

spec/services/proforma_service/convert_exercise_to_task_spec.rb

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe ProformaService::ConvertExerciseToTask do
   describe '.new' do
-    subject(:convert_to_task) { described_class.new(exercise: exercise) }
+    subject(:convert_to_task) { described_class.new(exercise:) }
 
     let(:exercise) { build(:dummy) }
 
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ RSpec.describe ProformaService::ConvertExerciseToTask do
   describe '#execute' do
     subject(:task) { convert_to_task.execute }
 
-    let(:convert_to_task) { described_class.new(exercise: exercise) }
+    let(:convert_to_task) { described_class.new(exercise:) }
     let(:exercise) do
       create(:dummy,
-        execution_environment: execution_environment,
+        execution_environment:,
         instructions: 'instruction',
         uuid: SecureRandom.uuid,
         files: files + tests)
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ RSpec.describe ProformaService::ConvertExerciseToTask do
 
     context 'when exercise has a regular file' do
       let(:files) { [file] }
-      let(:file) { build(:file, role: 'regular_file', hidden: hidden, read_only: read_only) }
+      let(:file) { build(:file, role: 'regular_file', hidden:, read_only:) }
       let(:hidden) { true }
       let(:read_only) { true }
 

spec/services/proforma_service/convert_task_to_exercise_spec.rb

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ require 'rails_helper'
 
 describe ProformaService::ConvertTaskToExercise do
   describe '.new' do
-    subject(:convert_to_exercise_service) { described_class.new(task: task, user: user, exercise: exercise) }
+    subject(:convert_to_exercise_service) { described_class.new(task:, user:, exercise:) }
 
     let(:task) { Proforma::Task.new }
     let(:user) { build(:teacher) }
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ describe ProformaService::ConvertTaskToExercise do
   end
 
   describe '#execute' do
-    subject(:convert_to_exercise_service) { described_class.call(task: task, user: user, exercise: exercise) }
+    subject(:convert_to_exercise_service) { described_class.call(task:, user:, exercise:) }
 
     before { create(:dot_txt) }
 
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ describe ProformaService::ConvertTaskToExercise do
         uuid: 'uuid',
         parent_uuid: 'parent_uuid',
         language: 'language',
-        meta_data: meta_data,
-        model_solutions: model_solutions,
-        files: files,
-        tests: tests
+        meta_data:,
+        model_solutions:,
+        files:,
+        tests:
       )
     end
     let(:user) { create(:teacher) }
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ describe ProformaService::ConvertTaskToExercise do
         description: 'description',
         uuid: be_blank,
         unpublished: true,
-        user: user,
+        user:,
         files: be_empty,
         public: false,
         hide_file_tree: false,
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ describe ProformaService::ConvertTaskToExercise do
       let(:meta_data) do
         {
           CodeOcean: {
-            public: public,
-            hide_file_tree: hide_file_tree,
-            allow_file_creation: allow_file_creation,
-            allow_auto_completion: allow_auto_completion,
-            expected_difficulty: expected_difficulty,
+            public:,
+            hide_file_tree:,
+            allow_file_creation:,
+            allow_auto_completion:,
+            expected_difficulty:,
             execution_environment_id: execution_environment&.id,
             files: files_meta_data,
           },
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ describe ProformaService::ConvertTaskToExercise do
           description: 'description',
           uuid: be_blank,
           unpublished: true,
-          user: user,
+          user:,
           files: be_empty,
           public: true,
           hide_file_tree: true,
@@ -125,13 +125,13 @@ describe ProformaService::ConvertTaskToExercise do
       let(:file) do
         Proforma::TaskFile.new(
           id: 'id',
-          content: content,
-          filename: filename,
+          content:,
+          filename:,
           used_by_grader: 'used_by_grader',
           visible: 'yes',
-          usage_by_lms: usage_by_lms,
-          binary: binary,
-          mimetype: mimetype
+          usage_by_lms:,
+          binary:,
+          mimetype:
         )
       end
       let(:filename) { "#{path}filename.txt" }
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ describe ProformaService::ConvertTaskToExercise do
         let(:content) { 'test' * (10**5) }
 
         it 'creates an exercise with a file that has the correct attributes' do
-          expect(convert_to_exercise_service.files.first).to have_attributes(content: content)
+          expect(convert_to_exercise_service.files.first).to have_attributes(content:)
         end
       end
 

spec/services/proforma_service/export_task_spec.rb

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ require 'rails_helper'
 
 describe ProformaService::ExportTask do
   describe '.new' do
-    subject(:export_task) { described_class.new(exercise: exercise) }
+    subject(:export_task) { described_class.new(exercise:) }
 
     let(:exercise) { build(:dummy) }
 
@@ -22,15 +22,15 @@ describe ProformaService::ExportTask do
   end
 
   describe '#execute' do
-    subject(:export_task) { described_class.call(exercise: exercise) }
+    subject(:export_task) { described_class.call(exercise:) }
 
     let(:task) { Proforma::Task.new }
     let(:exercise) { build(:dummy) }
     let(:exporter) { instance_double(Proforma::Exporter, perform: 'zip') }
 
     before do
-      allow(ProformaService::ConvertExerciseToTask).to receive(:call).with(exercise: exercise).and_return(task)
-      allow(Proforma::Exporter).to receive(:new).with(task: task, custom_namespaces: [{prefix: 'CodeOcean', uri: 'codeocean.openhpi.de'}]).and_return(exporter)
+      allow(ProformaService::ConvertExerciseToTask).to receive(:call).with(exercise:).and_return(task)
+      allow(Proforma::Exporter).to receive(:new).with(task:, custom_namespaces: [{prefix: 'CodeOcean', uri: 'codeocean.openhpi.de'}]).and_return(exporter)
     end
 
     it do

spec/services/proforma_service/import_spec.rb

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ require 'rails_helper'
 
 describe ProformaService::Import do
   describe '.new' do
-    subject(:import_service) { described_class.new(zip: zip, user: user) }
+    subject(:import_service) { described_class.new(zip:, user:) }
 
     let(:zip) { Tempfile.new('proforma_test_zip_file') }
     let(:user) { build(:teacher) }
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@ describe ProformaService::Import do
     let(:exercise) do
       create(:dummy,
         instructions: 'instruction',
-        execution_environment: execution_environment,
+        execution_environment:,
         files: files + tests,
         hide_file_tree:  true,
         allow_file_creation: false,
         allow_auto_completion: true,
         expected_difficulty: 7,
-        uuid: uuid,
-        user: user)
+        uuid:,
+        user:)
     end
 
     let(:uuid) { nil }

spec/support/authentication.rb

@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 
 module Authentication
   def sign_in(user, password)
-    page.driver.post(sessions_url, email: user.email, password: password)
+    page.driver.post(sessions_url, email: user.email, password:)
   end
 end